We tested the hypothesis that combined administration of IL-1 and TNF antagonists would protect fracture healing from inhibition by chronic ethanol exposure. Adult male rats were fed a liquid diet +/- ethanol (CON and ETOH) by intragastric infusion for three weeks prior to and three weeks after creation of an externally fixated tibial fracture. Beginning the day of fracture, one-half of each di...

Oestrogen replacement in ovariectomised (OVX) rats has been reported to attenuate food intake, especially during the light phase. To gain better insight into the central mechanism of oestrogen-induced reduction of food intake, we examined the effect of chronic oestrogen replacement in OVX rats on c-Fos expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and on food intake during the light and dark ...

INTRODUCTION Rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) feature bone loss and systemic increases in TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL). Anti-IL-1 or anti-TNFalpha therapies consistently reduce inflammation in these models, but systemic bone loss often persists. RANKL inhibition consistently prevents bone loss in both models with...

Abstract The recognition of electrical energy generated by different micro-energy devices is a key step for effective management in the integrated microsystems. In this paper, we present an improved Backpropagation Neural Network (BPNN) model conjunction with principle component analysis (PCA) and Levenberg-Marquadt (LM) algorithm. open-circuit voltage curves containing noise characteristics fr...

The history of Arabian medicine can only be studied satisfactorily in conjunction with the general history of Islam, which began to assume political importance in AD 622. In that year, the prophet Mohammed united the warring tribes of Arabia through a common religious and social ideal. This vision enabled the Arabs to conquer half of the known world and to build an empire destined to replace th...

Naturally occurring polyphenols are potent antioxidants. Some of these compounds are also ligands for the GABA(A) receptor benzodiazepine site. This feature endows them with sedative properties. Here, the anxiolytic activity of the green tea polyphenol (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was investigated after acute administration in mice, using behavioral tests (elevated plus-maze and passive ...

Although studies have shown that prolactin (Prl) and metoclopramide (Mcp) administration restores the depressed cell-mediated immune functions after hemorrhage, the underlying mechanism responsible for the immunostimulatory effects of Mcp remains unknown. We hypothesized that Mcp improves immune responses by upregulating the secretion of Prl. To test this hypothesis, male C3H/HeN mice were subj...

Deafferentation affects short-term but not long-term control of food intake (PHYSIOL BEHAV XX(X) 000-000, 2005). Rats were treated neonatally with capsaicin (CAP) to investigate the involvement of vagal afferents in food intake control and body weight regulation. In the first set of experiments, rats were offered increasing concentrations of sucrose (10-15-20-40%) in short-term feeding tests of...

PPAR-γ agonists have been associated with heart failure (HF) in diabetic patients. These incidences have been reported mostly in patient populations who were at high risk for HF or had pre-existing impaired cardiovascular function. However, whether there are similar effects of these agents in subjects with no or reduced cardiovascular pathophysiology is not clear. In this study, the effects of ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Dapagliflozin (DAPA) is a selective inhibitor of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) which induces glucosuria and osmotic diuresis. The therapeutic effect of DAPA in progressing stages of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) has not been studied. METHODS We examined the effect of DAPA in the Han: SPRD rat model of PKD. DAPA (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (VEH) was administered or...