We provide a categorized bibliography of metaheuristics for solving the vehicle routing problem and its extensions. The categories are based on various types of metaheuristics and vehicle routing problems

Steering assist system controls the force transfer behavior of the steering system and improves the steering probability of the vehicle. Moreover, it is an interface between the diver and vehicle. Fault detection in electrical assisted steering systems is a challenging problem due to frequently use of these systems. This paper addresses the fault detection and reconstruction in automotive elect...

the aim of this manuscript is to study the implication of aluminium-oxide nanofluid for an amphibious vehicle engine (viable on land and under water) cooling system both analytically and experimentally. to achieve this, a one-dimensional model of the engine cooling system (radiator) is considered through a computational fluid code in which the mass flow rate for a range of the coolant temperatu...

The 2000 United States Census counted 35 million residents aged 65 years old or older. Projections indicate that this number will increase to 63 million by 2025. This increase is important for those concerned about vehicle safety because older drivers and passengers are vulnerable road users. Much of the previous research concentrates on the role of the aging process on crash involvement among ...

This research proposes a novel method for classifying vehicles in nighttime traffic by utilizing thermal imaging-based as the source of analysis. Using the proposed classifying method, light occlusions from vehicles and surrounding environment are able to be eliminated. Naturally, various thermal features from a vehicle, comprising windscreen, engine heat are spontaneously occurred and illustra...

PURPOSE To investigate the occurrence and types of motor vehicle accident eye trauma in north Israel. METHODS The records between the years 2007-2011 of the Ophthalmology Emergency Room of one medical center were searched. Eye injuries due to motor vehicle accidents were classified according to type, severity of injury and demographic data of patients. RESULTS Nearly five percents of ER pre...

The Rental Fleet Scheduling Problem (RFSP) arises in vehicle rental operations that offer a wide variety of vehicle types to customers, and allow a rented vehicle to “migrate” to a setdown depot other than the pickup depot. When there is a shortage of vehicles of a particular type at a depot, vehicles may be relocated to that depot, or vehicles of similar types may be substituted. The RFSP invo...

Vehicle power management has been an active research area in the past decade, and has intensified recently by the emergence of hybrid electric vehicle technologies. Research has shown that driving style and environment have strong influence over fuel consumption and emissions. In order to incorporate this type of knowledge into vehicle power management, an intelligent system has to be developed...

This report describes the results of research to develop and apply a comprehensive model to consider the influence of the mix of vehicle types on the total safety of the light passenger vehicle fleet in Australia. Key inputs to the model are estimates of the crashworthiness and aggressivity of light passenger vehicles in the key crash types representing the majority of crashes in which these ve...