Leiomyosarcoma of the vena cava is a rare malignant tumor. A 61-year-old woman was admitted with right upper quadrant abdominal pain. Computed tomography revealed a retrohepatic vena cava tumor originating 2 cm below the confluence of the hepaic veins and ending 2 cm above the renal veins. The tumor was resected with 1 cm clear surgical margins, without requiring liver resection. Polytetrafluor...

Congenital anomalies of the inferior vena cava are relatively frequent, usually with scarce clinical impact. There are few cases reported of inferior vena cava duplication. The supernumerary left-placed vena cava originates in the pelvis from a common iliac vein and receives ipsilateral lumbar and renal veins. Here we examine a new case of inferior vena cava duplication, diagnosed by CT scan. T...

Ascites is excessive accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. The ascites fluid can be characterised as inflammatory, noninflammatory, chylous, urine-like, haemorrhagic or bilious [1]. In cattle, ascites fluid is usually non-inflammatory and associated with vascular congestion due to chronic right-sided heart failure, a mediastinal mass, chronic liver or kidney disease, ileus of the smal...

A right-sided thoracotomy was performed for pulmonary metastases in an asymptomatic patient. Preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan showed partial thrombosis or agenesis of the inferior vena cava (Fig. 1). Intra-operatively, an impressive dilation of the azygos vein was noted (Fig. 2). The azygos vein or superior vena cava was not invaded by tumour. Fig. 1. Preoperative thoracic CT scan sho...

The majority of patients requiring pacemakers are paced using a transvenous electrode. Difficulties may be encountered in passing the electrode wire into the heart because of anomalous venous return. Probably the most frequent anomaly is a persistent left superior vena cava and the rarest is absence of the right superior vena cava (Winter, 1954; Hudson, I965; Sherman, I963). Recent case reports...

In this investigation, 25 adult New Zealand White rabbits randomly selected from both sexes and studied.Coloured latex injection and corrosion cast methods were applied on the materials. This study was carried out to disclose the distribution of the cardiac veins of the New Zealand White rabbits. The veins that drain the heart were found to be the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, th...

We previously demonstrated that alpha1B-adrenergic receptor (AR) gene transcription, mRNA, and functionally coupled receptors increase during 3% O2 exposure in aorta, but not in vena cava smooth muscle cells (SMC). We report here that alpha1BAR mRNA also increases during hypoxia in liver and lung, but not heart and kidney. A single 2.7-kb alpha1BAR mRNA was detected in aorta and vena cava durin...

INTRODUCTION Leiomyosarcomas of the inferior vena cava are rare malignant tumors. A limited number of these cases have been described so far. Only few of them have intracardiac propagation and surgery is rarely undertaken for their treatment. CASE OUTLINE We present a 52-year-old female patient in whom leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava with intracardiac propagation was diagnosed. The p...

Left atrial reduction is a surgical technique that has been proposed for eliminating chronic atrial fibrillation associated with mitral valve disease. A potential complication of the technique is the unnoticed rotation of the heart while the left atrium is anastomosed. Such an event makes it impossible to reconstruct the superior vena cava, leading to superior vena cava syndrome due to the rota...

Venous aneurysms arising from the mediastinal systemic veins are rare. There are only 27 reported cases of such aneurysms. Majority arise from the superior vena cava. We are reporting a saccular aneurysm of superior vena cava in a 58-year-old male. The chest radiogram suggested superior mediastinal mass and the computed tomogram was suggestive of aortic arch aneurysm. Aortography and venography...