This paper presents the efficiency improvement of a pole-changing vernier machine (PCVM) by considering residual magnetic flux density (Br) low coercivity force (LCF) permanent magnets (PMs). The PCVM operates in two modes: (VM) mode and magnet synchronous (PMSM) mode, achieved through pole-changing. Pole-changing involves reversing direction LCF PM to alter number rotor pole pairs. By changing...

When a vernier stimulus is presented for a short time and followed by a grating comprising five straight lines, the vernier remains invisible but may bequeath its offset to the grating (feature inheritance). For more than seven grating elements, the vernier is rendered visible as a shine-through element. However, shine-through depends strongly on the spatio-temporal layout of the grating. Here,...

When a vernier target is flanked by optimally positioned lines, foveal vernier discrimination is strongly degraded (Westheimer and Hauske, 1975). We confirmed this observation (Experiment I) and have mapped out a 2 dimensional "perceptive field" for crowding in the fovea using a 2 dot target (Experiment II). Crowding was also measured in peripheral vision, using either small flanking dots as ma...

Both backward masking and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) are capable of hindering perception of a visual target. To study the relationship between these two methods we applied TMS over the occipital pole in combination with the visual backward masking technique shine-through. The recently discovered weak shine-through mask consists of a horizontal grating with 25 vernier elements. In t...

Performance analysis of a linear permanent magnet Vernier machine (LPMVM), which has complex structure, is mostly based on the finite element methods, while for its optimisation or sensitivity quick mathematical technique desirable. This paper introduces an LPMVM and principles operation. Then, mixed subdomain magnetic equivalent circuit are applied to extract field equations in various parts m...

Vernier and letter acuities are both susceptible to degradation by image motion. In a previous study, we showed that the worsening of Vernier acuity for stimuli moving up to 4 degrees/s is accounted for primarily by a shift of visual sensitivity to mechanisms of lower spatial frequency. The purposes of this study were to extend the previous results for Vernier acuity to higher stimulus contrast...

PURPOSE To determine the nature and limits of visual improvement through repetitive practice in human adults with naturally occurring amblyopia. METHODS A key measure the authors used was a psychophysical estimate of Vernier acuity; persons with amblyopia have marked deficits in Vernier acuity that are highly correlated with their loss of Snellen acuity. The experiment consisted of three phas...

This paper presents the design of a hybrid excited flux switching Vernier machine. machine is designed to serve in renewable energy conversion applications, such as wind turbine generator, or tidal generator. After introducing this original structure, based on finite element models conducted. The specifications correspond relatively low power direct drive applications. rated set 10 kW, with spe...

Many computational models of normal vernier acuity make predictions based on the just-noticeable contrast difference. Recently, Hu, Klein and Carney [(1993) Vision Research, 33, 1241-1258] compared vernier acuity and contrast discrimination (jnd) in normal foveal viewing using cosine gratings. In the jnd stimulus the test grating was added in-phase to the (sinusoidal) pedestal, whereas in the v...