this report presents a case of vertebral artery dissection (vad), which was misdiagnosed as cerebrovascular accident (cva) in initial examinations.in this case, a 33-year old woman, who was involved in a car accident, was referred to khoy legal medicine centre by traffic court two months after the accident.the patient was examined by the author, who was on an assignment at the centre.at this ti...

study of the osteological development in fishes is important from fisheries, biology and aquaculture points of views. it can be used as an early bio-indicator of non-optimal rearing conditions. the caspian roach, rutilus caspicus is a native cyprinid fish of the caspian sea that its artificial propagation has fulfilled in hatcheries to recruit its natural stocks. hence, this study was conducted...

curve flexibility in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (ais) was one of the major concerns of spinal surgeons since the evolution of surgical correction techniques. in this respect, many tried to identify which criteria denote more rigid curve. in the present study, we aimed toward determining important factors influencing ais curve flexibility on supine bending films. we assessed radiographs of ...

it has been reported that fractures are more common in epileptic patients relative to the general population. seizures by repeated muscular contractions can increase fracture risk throughout the skeleton, but the reported papers about non traumatic vertebral fractures following a single episode of seizure are rare and mostly located in thoracic spine with only one or two vertebral fracture. the...

Description: An annual herb reproducing by seed only. Distinguished by flowers and pairs of spiny bracts that occur in the leaf axils. Mature plants are erect, branched and may grow to 1.2 m tall (see Figure 1). Stems are angled in cross section, reddish, fleshy and bear many spines. Leaves are alternate, ovate-rhombic to lanceolate sometimes with sparse hairs on the lower surface and most with...

BACKGROUND Vertebral fractures increase the risk of new vertebral fractures; however, we are not aware of any study addressing the risk of new vertebral fractures adjacent to existing vertebral fractures. Therefore, we sought to determine the influence of the number and severity of prevalent (preexisting) vertebral fractures on the risk of new adjacent vertebral fractures and to determine wheth...

CONTEXT Vertebral fractures are the most common osteoporotic fracture. Women with low bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalent vertebral fractures have a greater risk of incident vertebral fractures over the short-term, but their absolute risk of vertebral fracture over the long-term is uncertain. OBJECTIVE To examine the absolute risk of incident vertebral fracture by BMD and prevalent verte...

background glucocorticoids taken orally increase the risk of fractures. it has been noted that a dose as low as 2.5 mg/day increases the risk of vertebral fracture. what is less clear is the possible influence of other risk factors for osteoporosis on the presence of non-vertebral fractures in patients taking glucocorticoids. objectives a cross-sectional study, performed on 513 men and women fr...

The degree of vertebral wedging, a key structural characteristic of spinal curvatures, has recently been found to be negatively related to vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA). The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine the relation between vertebral cross-sectional growth and vertebral wedging progression within the immature lumbar spine. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we a...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether an early bone marrow edema pattern predicts vertebral deformity types and prognosis in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 64 patients with 75 acute OVCFs who underwent early MRI and followed up MRI. On early MRI, the low SI pattern of OVCF on T1WI were assessed and classified into 3 types (diffuse, globul...