A qualitative model that relates the period of the surface roughness to the vertical and spherical growth rates of glancing angle deposited GLAD nanorods suggests that rod self-shadowing is responsible for the previously reported temperature dependence in the rod width. Atomic shadowing interactions between neighboring rods as well as surface islands on the rod growth fronts control the morphol...

A comprehensive investigation was carried out to minimize the cost price of the rock fragmentation process including: drilling, blasting, secondary blasting and separating the large boulders (oversize rocks) while loading, until the optimized fragmentation, powder factor and ratio of burden (B) to blasthole diameter (?h) were achieved by doing several stages of drilling and blasting practically...

The regression discontinuity (RD) design is one of the most widely used nonexperimental methods for causal inference and program evaluation. Over last two decades, statistical econometric RD analysis have expanded matured, there now a large number methodological results identification, estimation, inference, validation. We offer curated review this literature organized around popular frameworks...

We define and study a calculus of discontinuity, a version of displacement calculus, which is a logic of segmented strings in exactly the same sense that the Lambek calculus is a logic of strings. Like the Lambek calculus, the displacement calculus is a sequence logic free of structural rules, and enjoys Cut-elimination and its corollaries: the subformula property, decidability, and the finite ...

This paper makes two generalisations of categorial calculus of discontinuity. In the rst we introduce unary modalities which mediate between continuous and discontinuous strings. In the second each of the modes of adjunction of the proposal to date, concatenation, juxtaposition and interpolation, are augmented with variants. Linguistic illustration and motivation is provided, and we show how ad...

This paper deals with the boundary value problem involving the differential equation begin{equation*}     ell y:=-y''+qy=lambda y,  end{equation*}  subject to the standard boundary conditions along with the following discontinuity  conditions at a point $ain (0,pi)$  begin{equation*}     y(a+0)=a_1 y(a-0),quad y'(a+0)=a_1^{-1}y'(a-0)+a_2 y(a-0), end{equation*} where $q(x),  a_1 , a_2$ are  rea...

Assessment of the location and of the extension of cracking in road surfaces is important for determining the potential level of deterioration in the road overall and the infrastructure buried beneath it. Damage in a pavement structure is usually initiated in the tarmac layers, making the Rayleigh wave ideally suited for the detection of shallow surface defects. This paper presents an investiga...

The mission of Wageningen UR (University & Research centre) is ‘To explore the potential of nature to improve the quality of life’. Within Wageningen UR, nine specialised research institutes of the DLO Foundation have joined forces with Wageningen University to help answer the most important questions in the domain of healthy food and living environment. With approximately 30 locations, 6,000 m...