AIM This finite element study was conducted to calculate the distribution of stresses in the periodontal ligament when various orthodontic forces were applied, with emphasis on the effect on root apex. MATERIALS AND METHODS An in vitro finite element method was used to construct a three-dimensional finite element model of a maxillary central incisor, its periodontal ligament and alveolar bone...

b. Quantify the temporal variation of turbulent stresses, turbulence production, dissipation and spectra in relation to the oceanographic parameters that represent the local environment, such as waves, currents, vertical density gradient, internal waves and the nature of the water-sediment interface. The conclusions will quantify the relative importance of different mechanisms that control the ...

We are presenting the results of a stability analysis of a background wind shear in the presence of stablestratification and of height dependent coefficients of eddy viscosity and eddy thermal conduction. It is shownthat the vertical gradients of the eddy coefficients substantially affect the phase velocities, growth rates andvertical structure of the gravity wave and are respon...

Homogeneous anisotropic turbulence simulations are used to determine off-diagonal components of the Reynolds stress tensor and its parameterization in terms of turbulent viscosity and Λ-effect. The turbulence is forced in an anisotropic fashion by enhancing the strength of the forcing in the vertical direction. The Coriolis force is included with a rotation axis inclined relative to the vertica...

It has been pointed out by some researchers that road pavements are subjected to vertical stress due to vehicles on them as well as shear stress at the time of braking or acceleration of vehicles. In this paper, the results of elastic analysis to obtain the rigorous solution for an elastic two-layer system subjected to surface shear stress are described and it is shown that the effect of shear ...

Aeolian vibration in bare and iced cable was simulated using the theory of cable vibration. High frequency vibration creates stresses in the cable and consequently in the ice covering that cable, which may result in ice failure and eventually ice shedding. These stresses were estimated in this study. Displacement of the cable during vibration was determined; furthermore, instantaneous wind load...

We show how a d-stress on a piecewise-linear realization of an oriented (non-simplicial, in general) d-manifold in Rd naturally induces stresses of lower dimensions on this manifold, and discuss implications of this construction to the analysis of self-stresses in spatial frameworks. The mappings we construct are not linear, but polynomial. In the 1860–70s J. C. Maxwell described an interesting...

Homogeneous anisotropict urbulence simulations are used to determine off-diagonal componentso fthe Reynolds stress tensora nd itsp arameterizationi nt erms of turbulentv iscosity and Λ-effect.T he turbulence is forced in an anisotropic fashion by enhancing thestrengthofthe forcing in thevertical direction. TheCoriolis force is included with arotationaxis inclined relativetothe vertical directio...

Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state jointing technology, in which the butted plates are heated, plasticized and jointed locally by the plunged probe and shoulder moving along the joint line. The residual stresses due to the thermomechanical performance of the material and the constraint of the welded plates by the xture are one of main concerns for this process. A prediction of the cla...

We perform a global, three-dimensional GRMHD simulation of an accretion torus embedded in a large scale vertical magnetic field orbiting a Schwarzschild black hole. This simulation investigates how a large scale vertical field evolves within a turbulent accretion disk and whether global magnetic field configurations suitable for launching jets and winds can develop. We identify a “coronal mecha...