We propose a unified approach to the formal long-wave reduction of several fluid models for thin-layer incompressible homogeneous flows driven by a constant external force like gravity. The procedure is based on a mathematical coherence property that univoquely defines one reduced model given one rheology and one thin-layer regime. For the first time, as far as we know, various known reduced mo...

PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that changes in the viscoelastic material properties of peripapillary sclera are present within monkey eyes at the onset of early experimental glaucoma detected by confocal scanning laser tomography (CSLT). METHODS Short-term (3-9 weeks), moderate (< or =44 mm Hg) intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation was induced in one eye of each of eight male monkeys by laseri...

the preparation and characterization of the vinyltriethoxysilane-modified silica nanoparticles were investigated. also the surface tension of polystyrene, native (hydrophilic) silica and silane-modified (hydrophobic) silica were determined. two kinds of polystyrene/silica (treated and non-treated) nanocomposites were prepared with different filler loadings by solution method. their viscoelastic...

We review the application of differential operators of noninteger order to the modeling of dynamic systems. We compare all the definitions of Variable Order VO operators recently proposed in literature and select the VO operator that has the desirable property of continuous transition between integer and non-integer order derivatives. We use the selected VO operator to connect the meaning of fu...

A chondrocyte and its surrounding pericellular matrix (PCM) are defined as a chondron. Single chondrocytes and chondrons isolated from bovine articular cartilage were compressed by micromanipulation between two parallel surfaces in order to investigate their biomechanical properties and to discover the mechanical significance of the PCM. The force imposed on the cells was measured directly duri...

We investigate the evolution of the velocity distribution function of a granular gas composed of viscoelastic particles in the homogeneous cooling state, i.e. before clustering occurs. The deviation of the velocity distribution function from the Maxwellian distribution is quantified by a Sonine polynomials expansion. The first non-vanishing Sonine coefficient a2(t), reveals a complex time depen...