A newly introduced compound, EPC-K1, represents a phosphate diester linkage of vitamin E and vitamin C. The effect of EPC-K1 on the reperfusion injury was evaluated in a heterotopic cardiac transplantation model using syngenic combination rats. Prior to the warm ischemia, 12mg EPC-K1/kg was administered intravenously to donor rats. After 15 min of warm ischemic time, hearts were harvested and p...

Differences in micronutrient status are reported to contribute to racial and ethnic differences in chronic diseases. Diseases related to vitamin K are reported to differ by race and ethnicity, but it is unclear if circulating vitamin K concentrations similarly differ. We examined racial and ethnic differences in serum phylloquionone (K1) in the Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (mean ...

BACKGROUND Vitamin K has been widely promoted as a supplement for decreasing bone loss in postmenopausal women, but the long-term benefits and potential harms are unknown. This study was conducted to determine whether daily high-dose vitamin K1 supplementation safely reduces bone loss, bone turnover, and fractures. METHODS AND FINDINGS This single-center study was designed as a 2-y randomized...

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a heritable disease characterized by calcified elastic fibers in cutaneous, ocular, and vascular tissues. PXE is caused by mutations in ABCC6, which encodes a protein of the ATP-driven organic anion transporter family. The inability of this transporter to secrete its substrate into the circulation is the likely cause of PXE. Vitamin K plays a role in the regula...

Summarg 1. The dose-response relationship between the oral anticoagulant, warfarin, and its effect on the metabolism of phylloquinone (vitamin K,) has been examined in normal male volunteer subjects. 2. In each study the subject received a single, oral dose of warfarin and, 2 h later, an intravenous injection of [l ',2'-3H2 Jphylloquinone. Changes in the metabolism of phylloquinone were assesse...

The vitamin K family members phylloquinone (vitamin K1) and the menaquinones (vitamin K2) are under study for their roles in bone metabolism and as potential therapeutic agents for skeletal diseases. We have investigated the effects of two naturally occurring homologs, phytonadione (vitamin K1) and menatetrenone (vitamin K2), and those of the synthetic vitamin K, menadione (vitamin K3), on huma...

Two patients with low random serum vitamin K1 concentrations but with normal prothrombin times and normal biological assays of the vitamin K dependent coagulation proteins were treated with an N-methyl-thiotetrazole cephalosporin (cefotetan) postoperatively. Four to six days later both patients developed a prolonged prothrombin time and a noticeable and specific lowering of the clotting activit...

It is now clear that vitamin K1 is part of a biochemical cycle that is essential for the conversion of specific bone peptides into a form that can bind calcium. We have used a recently described procedure for assaying vitamin K1 in plasma to test the involvement of this vitamin in fracture healing. Markedly depressed circulating levels were found in patients with fractures and the time taken fo...

We describe an animal model to induce the histogenesis of squamous metaplasia of the cervical columnar epithelium, a condition usually preceding cervical neoplasia. This model is based on dietary retinoid depletion in female mice. Control sibling mice fed the same diet but with all-trans-retinoic acid (at 3 micrograms/g diet) showed the normal endocervical epithelial and glandular columnar morp...