A dual lattice vortex formulation of homogeneous turbulence is developed, within the Martin-Siggia-Rose field theoretical approach. It consists of a generalization of the usual dipole version of the Navier-Stokes equations, known to hold in the limit of vanishing external forcing. We investigate, as a straightforward application of our formalism, the dynamics of closed vortex tubes, randomly st...

The vortex-ingesting stirred tank reactor uses a combination of a helical screw impeller and concentric draft-tube to entrain and recycle headspace gas and disperse it as bubbles in a liquid reaction solvent. This study presents an experimental characterisation of a 0.29 m diameter vortex-ingesting gas-liquid stirred reactor, operated with solids mass fractions from 0 to 25%, over a range of sp...

Abstract Obtaining quality air temperature measurements in complex mesoscale environments, such as thunderstorms or frontal zones, is problematic, and particularly challenging from a moving platform. For some time mobile weather platforms known Mobile Mesonets (MMs) have used custom aspirated shields. The original design was the “J-Tube”, which addresses but not all of unique problems associate...

Sediment loads transfer in hydraulic installations and their consequences for the O&M of modern canal systems is emerging as one of the most important considerations in hydraulic engineering projects apriticularly those which are inteded to feed the irrigation and draiange schemes of large command areas such as the Dez and Mogahn in Iran.. The aim of this paper is to investigate the applicabili...

This paper describes the passive flow control of fluid in the downstream direction of the circular tube and in tube banks by means of splitter plate. Heat transfer and pressure drop depend on complex flow pattern of fluid in tube banks, whereas pressure drop linked directly with the fluid pumping capacity. A primary focus is to review experimental, analytical and numerical works that had been c...

In this paper performance characteristics for a Ranque-Hilsch vortex tube are presented. The was of divergent design and optimised both size performance, to be used supply cold air turbomachinery experiments with feed in the pressure range 3.0–7.0 bar, overall mass flow rates 0.05–0.14 kg/s. Optimum fixed parameters selected from literature were: ratio cold-exit diameter inlet internal (0.50); ...

Very reliable methods have been developed to extract RNA from different tissues and cell lines (1, 2, 3). RNA preparation, however, is still cumbersome and time consuming, especially when extracting a large number of cells (>10) and cell samples. The isolation of RNA from leucocytic cells is particularly difficult for three reasons: a) high levels of endogenous RNase; b) low amount of RNA (RNA/...