Initially, it was believed that blocking effects1 simply could not be modeled with Agreement by Correspondence (ABC) (Hansson 2001; Rose & Walker 2004). Hansson, in particular, lays out this assumption very clearly: “Intervening segments do not themselves enter into the agreement relation holding between the trigger-target pair, and therefore they must be irrelevant to that relation: they canno...

Artificial language learning experiments typically show non-categorical results after training on categorical data. This is generally due to incomplete learning, but these can also reveal biases. One example that participants trained a vowel harmony with alternating and non-alternating affixes prefer the affix in harmonic contexts (Finley 2021). In this paper, I (i) preference for items replica...

Observing paired colors with a different hue (in terms of chroma and lightness) engenders pleasantness from such harmonious combinations; however, negative reactions can emerge from disharmonious combinations. Currently, neural mechanisms underlying the esthetic and emotional aspects of color perception remain unknown. The current study reports evidence regarding the neural correlates of color ...

Finnish vowel harmony rules require that if the vowel in the first syllable of a word belongs to one of two vowel sets, then all subsequent vowels in that word must belong either to the same set or to a neutral set. A harmony mismatch between two syllables containing vowels from the opposing sets thus signals a likely word boundary. We report five experiments showing that Finnish listeners can ...

The paper discusses two types of exclusive (dis)harmonies in Mandarin. Exclusive-(dis)harmony-A—only is compatible with few but not many, and exclusive-(dis)harmony-B—only is compatible with less than n but not more than n. We suggest Exclusive-(dis)harmony-A can be explained along the lines of Chen 2005. We further propose that Exclusive-disharmony-B can be explained by Maximization failure (F...

On a strictly phonological level, vowel harmony is perhaps the best known type of non-adjacent dependency. Vowel harmony restricts the co-occurrence of vowels, regardless of the number of intervening consonants, according to agreement of specific feature or features within a word, a word and its affixes, or sometimes even across word boundaries (van der Hulst & van der Weijer 1995). Mongolian, ...

This article examined rhetoric in communication as a tool for collective bargaining and industrial harmony. Factually, crises, disagreement consequential disharmony seem to have, over some reckoned time, characterized the system. syndrome has, significant way, affected not only relationship between employers employees but also productivity of staffers. Enviable profit-making is utmost objective...