Statistical association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotype and a quantitative trait in genome-wide association studies is usually assessed using a linear regression model, or, in the case of non-normally distributed trait values, using the Kruskal-Wallis test. While linear regression models assume an additive mode of inheritance via equi-distant genotype scores, Kruskal-Wal...

Specific statistical tests are used when the null hypothesis (H0) is to be tested using nonparametric nominal or ordinal data. With nominal data, experimental results are expressed by proportions or frequencies. Chi-square or related tests (the Fisher's exact test or the rows by columns test) are appropriate for testing H0 with nominal data. Ordinal data permit arrangement of statistical result...

This prospective, randomized study compared postoperative pain scores, morphine consumption and length of stay in 95 adults who underwent elective lumbar spine surgery via a posterior incision. Immediately prior to closure the wound was irrigated with triamcinolone 40, 20 or 0 mg. Visual analogue scale pain scores at 24 h after surgery were median 12 (interquartile range 3-24), 15 (6-34) and 33...

We read with great interest the article reporting on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture and nimodipine therapy for the treatment of mild cognitive impairment after cerebral infarction [1]. We would like to highlight that the article by Wang and colleagues reports outcomes that differ from those initially described [2]. The article reference the pre-specified primary outcomes (efficacy) and ...

Throughout the world, property taxes are commonly employed as main source of locally generated revenue. In Bangalore, collected under New SAS. When SAS was introduced in there lot transparency and payment tax made easy. However, whether owners aware SAS, perceive process similar, accept taxation policies without any differences, a study undertaken.

A workshop in environmental sustainability was organized to develop the skills and competencies mitigating climate change, adapting risk management, managing waste, sustainable human settlements using transport, developing of reducing CO2 emissions, conserving energy ecosystem, & educating people. The study aimed compare current opinion participants sustainability. After a short notification pr...

In tumor-bearing rats, most of the serum amino acids are used for synthesis and oxidation processes by the neoplastic tissue. In the present study, the effect of Walker 256 carcinoma growth on the intestinal absorption of leucine, methionine and glucose was investigated in newly weaned and mature rats. Food intake and carcass weight were decreased in newly weaned (NT) and mature (MT) rats beari...

AIM The aim of the present study was twofold: 1. to compare the efficacy of three antipsychotics (ziprasidone, olanzapine and perazine) in schizophrenia 2. to compare the improvement in cognitive functioning between groups treated with the three different neuroleptics. METHOD A total of 58 Caucasian patients diagnosed with paranoid schizophrenia were recruited into the study group. We used th...