The goal to achieve arbitrary control of photon flow has motivated much of the recent research on photonic crystals and metamaterials. As a new mechanism for controlling photon flow, we introduce a scheme that generates an effective magnetic field for photons. We consider a resonator lattice in which the coupling constants between the resonators are harmonically modulated in time. With appropri...

Land surfacemodels (LSMs) are often applied to predict the one-way coupling strength between surface soil moisture (SM) and latent heat (LH) flux. However, the ability of LSMs to accurately represent such coupling has not been adequately established. Likewise, the estimation of SM/LH coupling strength using ground-based observational data is potentially compromised by the impact of independent ...

The simplest way of adapting the 6-channel model (Fig 6) to model the data of Brewer et al. [1] is to introduce weak, saturable coupling between the channels, as shown in S6A Fig. The retarding of the 26.5 ng pulse seen in this model can be interpreted as follows: As the uptake increases, and hence the intracellular auxin concentrations rise, saturation makes the lateral permeability effectivel...

In recent years, quasi-Newton schemes have proven to be a robust and efficient way for the coupling of partitioned multi-physics simulations in particular for fluid-structure interaction. The focus of this work is put on the coupling of partitioned fluid-structure interaction, where minimal interface requirements are assumed for the respective field solvers, thus treated as black box solvers. T...

Last time we showed that the mixing time is e √ n) for sufficiently large (but finite) β (though not all the way down to βc). Now we will show that the mixing time is O(n log n) for sufficiently small (but finite) β (again, not all the way up to βc). Getting both of these results to go all the way to βc is rather challenging and beyond the scope of this course. We also mention the following int...

In this paper, we study synchronization of complex random networks of nonlinear oscillators, with specifiable expected degree distribution. We review a sufficient condition for synchronization and a sufficient condition for desynchronization, expressed in terms of the eigenvalue distribution of the Laplacian of the graph and the coupling strength. We then provide a general way to approximate th...