What political institutions improve property rights? Building on the work of North and Weingast, this article argues that institutional checks on policymaking discretion (“veto players”) improve the property rights of investors regarding the value of the domestic currency. Veto players constrain the ability of policy makers to opportunistically pursue policy that may lead to a depreciated domes...

2 S. Ochoa and L. A. Heppel, in The Chemical Basis of Heredity, ed. W. McElroy and B. Glass (Baltimore, 1957), p. 615. 3A. Rich and D. R. Davies, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 78, 3548, 1956. 4G. Felsenfeld, D. R. Davies, and A. Rich, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 79, 2023, 1957. 6 A. Rich, Nature, 181, 521, 1958. 6 J. J. Fox, N. Yung, J. Davoll, and G. B. Brown, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 78, 2117, 1956. 7B. E. Griffin and...

The edible crab (Cancer pagurus) supports an important fishery in European waters. The fishery is increasing in size and in relative importance as stocks of marine finfish decline. Despite its importance, though, studies on the pathogens and parasites of this crab species are relatively lacking compared with studies of commercially exploited finfish and molluscan hosts. Recent basic surveys of ...

Numerous physiologic functions of the binocular neuromuscular mechanism have been measured for years with various kinds of testing equipment. Relatively few studies have been made to determine to what extent these various testing devices measure the same or different characteristics. This study was designed to investigate the relationships between lateral heterophoria, prism vergence, and the n...

An accurate Cartesian-grid treatment for intermediate Reynolds number fluid-solid interaction problems is described. We first identify the inability of existing immersed boundary methods to handle intermediate Reynolds number flows to be the discontinuity of the velocity gradient at the interface. We address this issue by generalizing the Boundary Data Immersion Method (BDIM, Weymouth and Yue, ...

INTRODUCTION The novel features of this work on the respiratory metabolism of the growing locust are (1) that successive measurements are made on individual locusts and (2) there is no period of enforced starvation preceding the measurements on oxygen consumption. The first point enables the changes of absolute values of weight and oxygen consumption with age to be considered as no allowance ne...

Teleosaurids were a group of semi-aquatic crocodylomorphs with a fossil record that spanned the Jurassic Period. In the UK, abundant specimens are known from the Oxford Clay Formation (OCF, Callovian to lower Oxfordian), but are very rare in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (KCF, Kimmeridgian to lower Tithonian), despite their abundance in some contemporaneous deposits in continental Europe. Unfor...

OBJECTIVES The ability to perceive high spatial frequencies (i.e., fine detail) is impaired when contours are placed near the detail to be resolved (Bouma, H. [1970]. Interaction effects in parafoveal letter recognition. Nature, 226, 177-178. doi:10.1038/226177a0; Flom, M. C., Weymouth, F. W., & Kahneman, D. [1963]. Visual resolution and contour interaction. Journal of the Optical Society of Am...