T he Kuroshio Current transports large amounts of warm and salty water from the tropics northward, whereas the Oyashio Current transports cold and fresh water from the Bering Sea and the Sea of Okhotsk southward. Where they meet in the western North Pacific, they form the Kuroshio Extension and the Oyashio Front, a region of very complicated currents and eddies. Large decadal variations that st...

We examine the impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on surface ozone abundance observed over the continental United States (U.S.) during 1993–2013. The monthly ozone decreases (increases) during El Niño (La Niña) years with amplitude up to 1.8 ppb per standard deviation of Niño 3.4 index. The largest ENSO influences occur over two southern U.S. regions during fall when the ENSO develop...

“Unhealthy” body constitution (BC) occurs in persons with an imbalance of Yin and Yang [1]. From a perspective of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), Yin and Yang are two opposite poles or forces in the universe [2]. In order to make the meaning of Yin and Yang clearly, Chinese people signify Yin and Yang with “water” and “fire” respectively [3]. Water is cold, dim, passive and sinking; while f...

Understanding how thermal selection affects phenotypic distributions across different time scales will allow us to predict the effect of climate change on the fitness of ectotherms. We tested how seasonal temperature variation affects basal levels of cold tolerance and two types of phenotypic plasticity in Drosophila melanogaster. Developmental acclimation occurs as developmental stages of an o...

aim: the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a major health-care problem worldwide. who recommends did (daily defined dose/ 100 inhabitant /day) as a standard tool for measurement of antibiotic consumption. since there was not any information regarding the antibiotics usage pattern in the north of iran, the aim of this study was determine this in our centre.method: this cr...

The high accumulation rate and negligible amount of melt at Eclipse Icefield (3017 m) in the Saint Elias Range of Yukon, Canada, allows for the preservation of a high-resolution isotopic and glaciochemical records valuable for reconstruction of climatic variables. Each of the three Eclipse ice cores have a well-constrained depth–age scale with dozens of reference horizons over the twentieth cen...

This study was conducted to determine the pregnancy rate in response two sexual synchronization protocols 70 healthy multiparous Fleckvieh dairy cows during cold and warm seasons. After pairing by actual parturition date [cold seasons (-38 0 ºC) (Nov - Feb) vs. (0 32 (Mar-Oct)], were randomly subjected either Co-Synch (CoS) or double PGF2α injection (dPG) on d 35 postpartum. Data Chi-Square (2...