background: ergonomics standards play an important role in product and system design as it can improve their usability; provide comfort and safety for the users. the number of musculoskeletal diseases has increased in recent years in malaysia. however, the awareness and importance of ergonomics in malaysia is still very low among the industries. many ergonomics standards have been adopted by si...

background : due to specific conditions in hospitals such as accumulation, existence of disable persons and patients, different and complex equipment, chemical and infectious substances, flammable materials and ionized radiations, safety precautions is essential to prevent the occurrence of incidents such as fire, electric shock hazard and exposure to excessive levels in hospitals. this was the...

OBJECTIVE To compare the estimated prevalence of malnutrition using the World Health Organization's (WHO) child growth standards versus the National Center for Health Statistics' (NCHS) growth reference, to examine the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding and malnutrition, and to determine the sensitivity and specificity of nutritional status indicators for predicting death during infan...

BACKGROUND New national growth references have been published in Belgium and Norway. The WHO recommends universal use of their 2006 Child Growth Standards based on data from breastfed children. OBJECTIVE To compare the growth of Belgian and Norwegian children with the WHO standards. PARTICIPANTS 6985 children 0-5 years of age from Belgium and Norway. DESIGN Proportion of children below -2...

Growth references are important for paediatric health monitoring. It is critical to understand differences in growth interpretation and potential consequences when using available growth references. This study compares the growth of Czech breastfed children with the current WHO growth standards 2006 and the Czech references 1991, 2001. A total of 960 infant/parent pairs in the Czech Republic we...

OBJECTIVE To assess the implications of adopting the World Health Organization 2006 growth standards in combination with current diagnostic criteria in emergency and non-emergency child feeding programmes. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from three standardised nutrition surveys (n=2555) for prevalence of acute malnutrition, using weight for height z score (<-2 and <-3) and percentage of th...

This paper presents a model in which relative standing determines standards. There are three kinds of agents in the model: candidates who wish to pass a test, members of the elite who have passed the test, and the judge who decides who passes. In order to pass, a candidate’s performance must be at least as good as the performance of a representative member of the elite. Without perturbations in...