BACKGROUND Alosetron is a potent and selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, which has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of female patients with non-constipated irritable bowel syndrome. AIMS To investigate the effect of alosetron on whole gut, small bowel and colonic transit in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (Study 1) and healthy volunteers (Study 2). SUBJECTS Thirteen pati...

BACKGROUND Clostridium difficile whole genome sequencing has the potential to identify related isolates, even among otherwise indistinguishable strains, but interpretation depends on understanding genomic variation within isolates and individuals. METHODS Serial isolates from two scenarios were whole genome sequenced. Firstly, 62 isolates from 29 timepoints from three in vitro gut models, ino...

Using cytochrome oxidase and esterase assays as a guide, mitochondria and microsomes were prepared from ox heart homogenate with about 25% cross-contamination of phospholipid. By the same criteria, the lipid complement of well washed myofibrils was essentially microsomal in origin. Approximately 60% of the phospholipid of the whole homogenate was found to be associated with microsomes, about ha...

Turtles infected with and actively excreting Salmonella-Arizona organisms were treated with various concentrations of both Neo-Terramycin (N-Te) and Terramycin (Te) (Pfizer) for various periods of time and then tested for the presence of these pathogens by two methods, excretion and blending. Turtles treated with 200 mug of Te per ml of container water for 9, 12, or 14 weeks, whereas when repr...

A new isolation and purification method for bioproducts using membrane-encapsulated affinity adsorbents was investigated. The new method involves encapsulation of affinity adsorbents, batch adsorption of the bioproduct from whole fermentation broth and rapid batch desorption after dissolution of the capsule membranes. Recovery of protein A from Staphylococcus aureus was used as the model experi...

SPYRAKI, CH., Z. PAPADOPOULOU-DAIFOTI AND A. PETOUNIS. Norepinephrine levels in rat brain after infrasound exposure. PHYSIOL.. BEHAV. 21(3) 447--448, 1978.--Rats were exposed to infrasound environment and the concentration of norepinephrine was determined in whole brain homogenate. Results indicate a decrease of NE levels for animals exposed to infrasound environment when compared to control an...

Outbred suckling mice (NMRI strain) were used as hosts. They were initially inoculated with oocysts of human origin, and subsequently with parasites recovered from the mouse ileal mucosa. Cryptosporidia were counted in an aliquot of whole-ileum homogenate. Parasite load was expressed as cryptosporidia per centimeter of ileum. Serial passage of C. parvum in NMRI mouse litters led to a gradual am...

It has been proposed that breakdown of the excitation-contraction coupling system plays a pivotal role in myocardial dysfunction during the course of acute ischemia. We tested this hypothesis by characterizing the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum at pH 7.1 and 6.4 after 7.5, 15, and 30 minutes of canine normothermic global ischemia. At pH 7.1, whole heart homogenate sarcoplasmic reticulum...

The bacterial single-cell protein BioProtein (BP; Norferm Danmark, Odense, Denmark), produced by fermentation of natural gas with methanotrophic bacteria, is a potential protein source for man and animals. For human consumption, removal of the nucleic acid is necessary. Preliminary studies have shown that ingested BP induces a specific immune response. The objective of the present study was to ...