In 2001, an estimated 433 million new wood pallets were manufactured in the United States, consuming an estimated 6.6 billion board feet (BBF) of hardwood and softwood lumber, cants, and parts (Bejune et al. 2002). Subsequently, another industry has emerged that specializes in the repair and remanufacture of wood pallets. This rise of the wood pallet repair and remanufacture industry is in larg...

grounds because of “disturbing” levels of arsenic in the soil beneath play structures made from pressure-treated wood. Connecticut is warning children not to play under them, and Minnesota has considered banning the wood. In Ottawa, the chief medical officer says playground soil should be tested for contamination. The culprit? Arsenic that leaches from pressure-treated wood into soil (see page ...

Background: Solvents, which are widely used in industry, are able to dissolve another substance for creating a solution. Solvents have various effects on human health based on their type and chemical composition. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study to investigate the harmful effects of solvents on wood painters in Yazd city. To achieve information, a census questionnaire was prepared and ...

INTRODUCTION Wood preserving is a significant, diverse and well established industry with five hundred forty-seven known operating plants in the United States. (1) The principal product of these plants is chemically treated wood for use as railroad ties, utility poles, and construction materials. In 1984, the industry treated about 500 million cubic feet of wood products. (2) Wood is chemically...

the successful management in construction costing of wood dry kilns is an advantageous approach which brings us not only the assurance in service profitability but also gives rise customer’s satisfaction. the construction costing of two types of wood dry kilns, namely, prefabricated aluminum-and masonry kilns with normal operation temperature was studied. for this purpose, the construction, dep...

the potential use of nano technology for improving of withdrawal resistance of nail and screw in wood was evaluated. for this, the maintenance strength of nail and screw was measured under dry and wet conditions for poplar wood (populus nigra) coated with common paints in furniture industry and nano-particles. specimens with dimensions of 15×5×5 cm3 (l×r×t) were cut from poplar wood (populus ni...

Historically, the hardwood lumber natural resource industry has been portrayed as a relatively low-tech industry. Most hardwood sawmills do not adequately consider the potential benefits of information systems enabled applications and solutions to enhance overall yield and efficiency. However, as computer-based technology is implemented across the entire manufacturing process, advanced optimiza...