[1] A version of the state-of-the-art Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) has been developed for polar applications. The model known as ‘‘Polar WRF’’ is tested over the Arctic Ocean with a western Arctic grid using 25-km resolution. The model is based upon WRF version 2.2, with improvements to the Noah land surface model and the snowpack treatment. The ocean surface treatment is modifi...

The fire weather of south-east Australia from 1985 to 2009 has been simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Centers for Environmental Prediction and National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis supplied the lateral boundary conditions and initial conditions. The model simulated climate and the reanalysis wer...

O utcomes after admission for acute heart failure (AHF) remain extremely poor, especially for patients with decreased renal function or those in whom worsening renal function (WRF) develops during treatment. The Table shows the baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with 30-and 60-day mortality from the Dose Optimization Strategies Evaluation trial in acute Heart Failure (DOSE HF),...

abstract- efficient use of irrigation water for summer crops should be considered seriously due to rare occurrence of precipitation in summer. this research was focused on the assessment of water use efficiency for dominant crops of summer cropping pattern in the study area (i.e., maize and rice) via considering water productivity (wp) with different water management scenarios at farm level at ...

The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model (Skamarock et al. 2005) is a powerful tool for model parameterization development. The ability to easily vary grid resolution and alter the domain size makes WRF particularly attractive because one is not limited to parameterizations solely suited for mesoscale grid sizes; one can also work with coarser, global climate model-like spacing. With re...

Staggered vertical nests have been developed, coupled with the WRF innermost nests. This methodology is applied to the high resolution simulations of field data from the T-REX Campaign of measurements (Terrain-induced Rotor Experiment), Owens Valley, CA, 2006. Our real case WRF simulations are based on initial and boundary conditions from both high resolution T799 L91 ECMWF analysis data and GF...

[1] The climate of the Murray‐Darling basin (MDB) has been simulated using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. WRF was implemented using a 10 km horizontal grid and run for 24 years from 1985 through 2008. The model simulated climate was evaluated against gridded precipitation and temperature observations from the Australian Water Availability Project (AWAP) at daily, monthly, int...

The South American Biomass Burning Analysis (SAMBBA) field campaign took detailed in situ flight measurements of aerosol during the 2012 dry season to characterise biomass burning aerosol and improve understanding of its impacts on weather and climate. Developments have been made to the Weather Research and Forecast model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) model to improve the representation of biomass ...

Background-—Renal impairment is a common comorbidity and the strongest risk factor for poor prognosis in acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). In clinical practice, renal function is labile during episodes of ADHF, and often worsens after discharge. The significance of worsening of renal function (WRF) after discharge has not been investigated as extensively as baseline renal function at ad...

During the past decade, both research and operational numerical weather prediction models [e.g. the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF)] have started using more complex microphysical schemes originally developed for high-resolution cloud resolving models (CRMs) with 1-2 km or less horizontal resolutions. WRF is a next-generation meso-scale forecast model and assimilation system. It inc...