this study set out to investigate the similarities and differences in frequency of incidence and type of hedging devices used in research articles written by iranian and non-iranian writers. for the purposes of the study, a corpus including 40 agriculture articles in english (20 written by iranian and 20 by non-iranian writers) were selected. collection and classification of the hedging devices...

Some claim there is a lack of attention to black studies in current literary and academic fields Spain. Even though an emerging wave Afro-Spanish writers the first quarter twenty-first century, many them denounce struggle they experienced see their stories published state that literature absent from Spanish universities’ curricula. Among recent voices have achieved recognition Spain journalist ...

Feminist postcolonial studies have widely recognised that postcolonial women writers from Africa, India and elsewhere in the (Third) world, intent upon speaking their identity through narrative, have been hard-pressed to write a space for themselves either within or even on the margins of the postcolonial nation. However, by engaging with their condition as women vis-à-vis that nation, or in re...

OST of us believe that there are conditions in which war is justified and M thus that there are conditions in which the individual soldier is morally permitted, and nearly as often morally required, intentionally to attack and even to kill other human beings. Many people, indeed, accept this quite uncritically, often assuming that war is a special condition in which morality, if it applies a t ...

Journal publication is one of the productive vehicles through which one’s contribution to the research community is expressed. However, it has been found to be a particularly challenging task for scholars who are not English native speakers (e.g. Flowerdew, 1999, 2000, 2001; Martinez, 2005; Sionis, 1995). Previous research has indicated that Chinese non-native writers of English may have diffic...

The preparation of student teachers to be effective writing requires attention both their skills and personal confidence. When have confidence in themselves as writers strong writer identities, they are likely better placed develop identities own students. It is suggested secure identity contribute high self-efficacy. However, studies suggest often lack writers. Improving the quality school stu...

One of the Prose styles of the contemporary world is focused on the reflection of the outer world on the world of the story. This is widely used in the works of realist and naturalist Iranian writers. Sadegh Chubak, one of the prominent contemporary writers, has achieved a unique language by presenting the reality in his artistic prose. The aim of this research is to analyze the process of crea...