Molybdenum-containing enzymes, aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase, are important in the oxidation of N-heterocyclic xenobiotics. However, the role of these enzymes in the oxidation of drug-derived aldehydes has not been established. The present investigation describes the interaction of eleven structurally related benzaldehydes with guinea pig liver aldehyde oxidase and bovine milk xanthine ...

Evaluation of abundantly available agro-industrial by-products for their bioactive compounds and biological activities is beneficial in particular for the food and pharmaceutical industries. In this study, rapeseed meal, cottonseed meal and soybean meal were investigated for the presence of bioactive compounds and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, xanthine oxidase and tyrosinase inhibitory activi...

Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for gout and other cardiovascular diseases. One of the therapies used Allopurinol. Unfortunately, it has unwanted side effects. These conditions made researchers continue to seek develop alternative treatments from natural products. which plants Phyllanthus genus. their contents was polyphenols, especially flavonoids. It an treatment hyperuricemia because its mini...

1. The catalytic properties of xanthine oxidase in bovine milk (EC 1.2.3.2) are dependent on the state of the enzyme, i.e. whether free or bound to the fat-globule membrane. Oxidase activity of the membrane-bound enzyme towards NADH is enhanced relative to that towards xanthine. This reflects a change in the relative K(m) values and enables the ratio of xanthine to NADH oxidase activities (X/N)...

over production of uric acid by xanthine oxidase (xo) causes gout. xo inhibitors for example allopurinol are the most important available anti gout drugs. medicinal herbs are available natural sources that may be useful for the treatment of gout. in this study the inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts of matricaria chamomilla l., hypericum perforatum l., fraxinus excelsior l., zea mays l., tr...

We previously reported that the all-cis isomer of arachidonic acid, the most naturally occurring isoform of this fatty acid, reduced cuprous copper ion-induced conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase into its reactive oxygen species generating form, xanthine oxidase. In the present study, the effects of all-trans isomer of arachidonic acid, in comparison with cis isomer of arachidonic acid, on the...

flavonoids could serve as potent inhibitors of xanthine oxidase (xo). in the present study, the effects of ruta graveolens l. extract and its major isolated flavonoids, quercetin and rutin, on guinea pig liver xo have been investigated. the inhibitory effects of r. graveolens, quercetin and its glycoside form, rutin, were assayed spectrophotometrically. r. graveolens extract showed moderate inh...

The effects of antimalarials, chloroquine and quinacrine, on the generation of reactive oxygen species were examined both in polymorphonuclear leucocytes and in the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system. Antimalarials showed inhibitory effects on the production of reactive oxygen species probably by affecting cell functions, such as membrane phospholipid methylation. It is suggested that antimalaria...

In this research, three categories of phenylpropanoid glycosides (PPGs) were designed and synthesized with PPGs isolated from Rhodiola rosea L. as lead compounds. Their inhibitory abilities toward acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and xanthine oxidase (XOD) were also tested. Some of the synthetic PPGs exhibited excellent enzyme inhibitory abilities.

The corneas of albino rabbits were irradiated (5 min exposure once a day) with UVB rays (312 nm) for 4 days (shorter procedure) or 8 days (longer procedure). The eyes were examined microbiologically and only the corneas of sterile eyes or eyes with non-pathogenic microbes were employed. Histochemically, the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating oxidases (xanthine oxidase, D-ami...