Anti-allergic effects of galactooligosaccharide (GOS), which is found in breast milk and frequently added to food for promoting health, were evaluated in a human-like mouse model of atopic dermatitis (AD). NC/Nga mice were fed 5.5% GOS for 8 weeks, and we examined whether this treatment suppressed the development of AD-like skin lesions in these mice. Mice fed GOS exhibited significantly less s...

Graphic organizers (GOs) are visual frameworks assisting students in the comprehension of a text. Studies in literature have mostly focused on L1 readers and there is a lack of empirical research about the instructional effects of GOs on L2 readers. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effects of GOs on reading comprehension achievement of EFL learners. An experimental design with...

Probiotic microbes rely on their ability to survive in the gastrointestinal tract, adhere to mucosal surfaces, and metabolize available energy sources from dietary compounds, including prebiotics. Genome sequencing projects have proposed models for understanding prebiotic catabolism, but mechanisms remain to be elucidated for many prebiotic substrates. Although β-galactooligosaccharides (GOS) a...

This paper investigates the online scheduling problem on parallel and identical machines with a new feature that service requests from various customers are entitled to many different grade of service (GoS) levels. Hence each job and machine are labeled with the GoS levels, and each job can be processed by a particular machine only when the GoS level of the job is not less than that of the mach...

The β-galactosidase from Bacillus circulans was covalently attached to aldehyde-activated (glyoxal) agarose beads and assayed for the continuous production of galactooligosaccharides (GOS) in a packed-bed reactor (PBR). The immobilization was fast (1 h) and the activity of the resulting biocatalyst was 97.4 U/g measured with o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (ONPG). The biocatalyst showed exc...

The kinetics and the metabolism of Bifidobacterium adolescentis MB 239 growing on galactooligosaccharides (GOS), lactose, galactose, and glucose were investigated. An unstructured unsegregated model for growth in batch cultures was developed, and kinetic parameters were calculated with a recursive algorithm. The growth rate and cellular yield were highest on galactose, followed by lactose and G...

Insect mitochondrial genomes (mtDNA) are usually double helical and circular molecules containing 37 genes that are encoded on both strands. The arrangement of the genes is not constant for all species, and produces distinct gene orders (GOs) that have proven to be diagnostic in defining clades at different taxonomic levels. In general, it is believed that distinct taxa have a very low chance o...

our experience as a result of this war shows that early intubation, aggressive resuscitation and gcs score are important factors for survival. the time of arrival has great importance on mortality. despite the diversity of views in the literature, patients with gcs of 4 and above should be operated if surgical pathologies exist, and decompressive craniectomy must made wide. if duraplasty is nec...

The influence of graphene oxides (GOs) on the cure behavior and thermal stability of a tetrafunctional tetraglycidyl-4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane cured with 4,4’-diaminodiphenylsulfone was investigated by using dynamic differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The dynamic DSC results showed that the initial reaction temperature and exothermal peak temperature ...