Oxidants used during drinking water treatment can react with organic matter and bromide/iodide to form disinfection by-products (DBPs) (Knappe 2014, Gan et al. 2013a, Plewa et al. 2004). DBPs in drinking water are a concern to public health because of their various potential health effects (Plewa et al. 2008). The US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has regulated the carbonaceous DBPs (C...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Abbreviations: ERA: Ecological Risk Assessment; GAP: Good Agricultural Practice; EFSA: European Food Safety Authority; ARfD: Acute Reference Dose; USEPA: United States Environmental Protection Agency; Koc: Adsorption Coefficient; MECs: Measured Environmental Concentrations; LD 50: Lethal Dose; PNEC: Predicted No Effect Concentration; RQ: Risk Quotie...

The freshwater pulmonate snail, Lymnaea stagnalis, is the most sensitive freshwater organism tested to date for several metals (Co, Cu, Pb, Ni) based on 28 d early life-stage (ELS) tests in which growth was the most sensitive endpoint. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has expressed concern that growth in 28 d ELS tests with mollusks may overpredict toxicity because of t...

hlorine is the most widely used oxidant in the United States for water disinfection. But chlorine reacts with the natural organic matter (NOM) that remains after treatment and forms halogenated by-products. Only some of these by-products have been identified, such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs), which are suspected to be human carcinogens. In 1979 the US Environmental Pro...

This study was conducted to estimate the heavy metal pollution in groundwater, soil, fruits, and vegetables within cement industry its vicinity. Seven different fruits seven metals (Cd, Zn, Ni, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn) were selected for analysis fruit, vegetable samples by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Results of this compared with National International Standards Pak NSWQD, WHO, USEPA. The pH s...

Air quality is an important determinant of public health and quality of life. A secondary data analysis was carried out to investigate trends and air quality in Virginia. The analysis included an evaluation of two major air pollution source categories, emission of criteria and hazardous air pollutants, ambient concentrations of criteria pollutants, ozone standard violations and associated meteo...

The Gulf of Mexico Alliance (GOMA) was tasked by the five Gulf State Governors to identify major issues affecting the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) and to set priorities for ameliorating these problems. One priority identified by GOMA is the need to improve detection methods for water quality indicators, pathogens and microbial source tracking. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) i...

The attenuation factor (AF) of 0.03 recommended by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) is increasingly being used regulatory agencies for development subsurface vapor screening levels intrusion (VI). There are concerns, however, over database to derive AF and AF's applicability building types geographies not included in USEPA database. To a more technically defensible California, c...

The forage grasses are explored for the phytoremediation of heavy metals from contaminated areas. The present study evaluates the tolerance of forages grasses to Pb and the availability of Pb for the Mehlich 1, DTPA, and USEPA 3051 and 3052 extraction methods. The forage grasses cultivars Panicum maximum cultivars Aruana and Tanzânia, Brachiaria decumbens cultivar Basilisk, Brachiaria brizantha...