In plants, algae, and most bacteria, the heme and chlorophyll precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is formed from glutamate in a three-step process. First, glutamate is ligated to its cognate tRNA by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. Activated glutamate is then converted to a glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) by glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GTR) in an NADPH-dependent reaction. Subsequently, GSA is rearranged...

We aimed to investigate the antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities of the anthocyanin rich extract of grape skin. Grape skin anthocyanin (GSA) neutralized free radicals in different test systems, such as 2,-2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, to form complexes with Fe2+ preventing 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinop...

The importance of sensitivity analysis in engineering design cannot be over-emphasized. In design under uncertainty, sensitivity analysis is performed with respect to the probabilistic characteristics. Global sensitivity analysis (GSA), in particular, is used to study the impact of variations in input variables on the variation of a model output. One of the most challenging issues for GSA is th...

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51452: EARLY PROTEROZOIC 208PB/232TH IN SITU IO... file:///Users/jbrady/JBB_Documents/JBB/Abstracts/GSA,%201999%20-... 1 of 2 3/5/08 7:41 AM 1999 GSA Annual Meeting -Denver, Colorado

This paper proposed an algorithm called DE-GSA. The proposed algorithm incorporates both the concepts from Differential evolution algorithm (DE) and Gravitation search algorithm (GSA), updating particles not only by DE operators but also by GSA mechanisms. The proposed algorithm is tested on several benchmark functions including unimodal and multimodal test functions, multimodal test function w...

Nonenzymatic glycation is increased in diabetes. The role of advanced glycation end products has been implicated in many of the complications of diabetes, whereas the effects of early-glycation Amadori-modified proteins on vascular cells alone are poorly defined. In the present study, we show that glycated serum albumin (GSA) induces a parallel activation of the redox-responsive transcription f...

− Natural phenomenon‘s and swarms behavior are the warm area of research among the researchers. A large number of algorithms have been developed on the account of natural phenomenon‘s and swarms behavior. These algorithms have been implemented on the various computational problems for the sake of solutions and provided significant results than conventional methods but there is no such algorithm...

We have compared the recently introduced generalized simulated annealing ~GSA! with conventional simulated annealing ~CSA!. GSA was tested as a tool to obtain the ground-state geometry of molecules. We have used selected silicon clusters (Sin , n54 – 7,10) as test cases. Total energies were calculated through tightbinding molecular dynamics. We have found that the replacement of Boltzmann stati...

Gravitational search algorithm (GSA) is a swarm intelligence optimization algorithm that shares many similarities with evolutionary computation techniques. However, the GSA is driven by the simulation of a collection of masses which interact with each other based on the Newtonian gravity and laws of motion. Inspired by the classical GSA and quantum mechanics theories, this work presents a novel...