Diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs) are molecular evolution machines that facilitate microbial adaptation to environmental changes. Hypervariation occurs via a mutagenic retrotransposition process from a template repeat (TR) to a variable repeat (VR) that results in adenine-to-random nucleotide conversions. Here we show that reverse transcription of the Bordetella phage DGR is primed by a...

The MPEG bit-rate transcoder with motion compensation, MC-BRT, that exactly derives from a simplified synchronized decoder/encoder cascade, is considered. Such a transcoder is cost effective but lacks features such as spatial and temporal filtering. These features are known to improve the encoder performance at low bit-rates. Such features would be highly desirable in the MC-BRT since most appl...

Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) is a rapidly growing national trend in the provision of public transportation. At present, with more than 150 New Start Rail Projects currently in the FTA pipeline, a wide range of alternatives is necessary to fulfill the demand for cost-effective rapid public transportation. As a lower cost, high-capacity mode of public transportation, BRT can serve as an option to help...

the bus system in a high-speed public transportation systems are equipped with modern technology that due to accuracy, speed and flexibility have been considered as one of the improvement solutions in tehran's public transport system. in this article the performance of brt line three of tehran has been evaluated based on the established standard in 2013, developed by the institute for deve...

Cincinnati is a typical American city where private automobiles are the primary means of transportation. It is not hard to envision the future of serious traffic tie-ups. Adequate mobility is a key factor for improving the residents’ life quality and consequently the prospects for economic development. The two options are 1) adding more highways and 2) improving mass transit. Within this contex...

Saat ini, Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Bandar Lampung tidak memiliki informasi mengenai lokasi BRT. Ketiadaan BRT menyebabkan pengguna merasa kesulitan dan memilih angkutan umum lainnya. Dari hasil survey yang dilakukan, banyak membutuhkan untuk mengetahui estimasi waktu ke halte. Sehingga dibangun aplikasi menjawab kebutuhan pengguna. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode extreme progr...

Intersections are considered as the most critical parts of the bus rapid transit (BRT) system. Transit signal priority is one of the efficient solutions to reduce BRT fleet delays at intersections. The aim of this study is to propose a new algorithm to decrease the BRT fleet delays at actuated intersections, while reducing the negative impacts on different approaches. The adaptive strategy is a...