Presents a photograph of the WindBox turbine which is installed on roof building in Rouen, France. It 1.6 meters tall, and has 4-square-meter footprint (leaving plenty space for solar panels or tiles). The unit, weighs 130 kilograms, can generate up to 2,500 kilowatt-hours electricity per year (enough meet roughly one-quarter energy needs typical U.S. household).

Implementations of white-box cryptography aim to protect a secret key in a white-box environment in which an adversary has full control over the execution process and the entire environment. Its fundamental principle is the map of the cryptographic architecture, including the secret key, to a number of encoded tables that shall resist the inspection and decomposition of an attacker. In a gray-b...

سابقه و هدف: هزینه مبادله که برخاسته از اقتصاد نهادگرا است، با مفهوم کارایی مرتبط است. یکی وظایف برنامه‌ریزان، افزایش فرایند برنامه‌ریزی به همین دلیل شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر همچون هزینه‌های جست‌وجوی اطلاعات، مذاکره، ایجاد اعمال ساز­و­کارهای نظارتی حائز اهمیت زیرا این طریق است برنامه‌ریزان می‌توانند تکیه طراحی نهادی ساختارهای حکمرانی، را کاهش دهند. طرح تفصیلی در نظام ایران، برنامه‌ای بازیگران متعد...

One of the most important goals of set theorists over the last few years has been to re-prove old results which previously had used very strong assumptions from hypotheses which, at least prima facie, are weaker. Examples of these abound, including, but certainly not limited to, the work of Woodin and Cummings (see [3]) on the Singular Cardinals Problem, in which results previously obtained by ...

Interval constraint solvers use local consistencies— among which one worth mentioning is box consistency— for computing verified solutions of real constraint systems. Though among the most efficient ones, the algorithm for enforcing box consistency suffers from the use of timeconsuming operators. This paper first introduces boxφ consistency, a weakening of box consistency; this new notion then ...

A key aspect of the Object-Oriented (OO) approach is that a designer can enrich an OO system by providing suitable (re-)definitions for some of the methods of the given system. Application frameworks provide good examples of such enrichment. An OO framework typically provides a number of template methods that implement specific patterns of calls to hook methods. An application developer can cus...