For the site-directed conjugation of chemicals and radioisotopes to the chicken-derived single-chain variable fragment (scFv), we investigated amino acid residues replaceable with cysteine. By replacing each amino acid of the 157 chicken variable region framework residues (FR, 82 residues on VH and 75 on VL) with cysteine, 157 artificial cysteine mutants were generated and characterized. At lea...

Large protonated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (H(+) PAHs) are possible carriers of unidentified infrared (UIR) emission bands from interstellar objects, but the characterization of infrared (IR) spectra of large H(+) PAHs in the laboratory is challenging. IR absorption spectra of protonated coronene (1-C24 H13 (+) ) and mono-hydrogenated coronene (1-C24 H13 (.) ), which were produced upon e...

In this study, 3-D finite element modeling of precision hard turning has been used to investigate the effects of cutting edge microgeometry on tool forces, temperatures and stresses in machining of AISI H13 steel using polycrystalline cubic boron nitrite (PCBN) inserts with two distinct edge preparations. Hard turning experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of cutting edge geometr...

This paper focuses on understanding the influence of laser milling process parameters on the final geometrical and surface quality of micro-channel features fabricated on AISI H13 steel. Optimal selection of process parameters is highly critical for successful material removal and high dimensional and surface quality for micro-sized die/mold applications. A set of designed experiments is carrie...

Two reassortant H16 influenza A viruses were isolated from gulls in California. Seven of the eight segments were most closely related to H16 and H13 isolates from eastern North America and Iceland. Of note is a C-terminal truncation of the nonstructural 1 (NS1) protein in one of the isolates that is usually found in swine H1N1 virus.

Influenza A viruses of the H13N2 and H13N9 subtypes were isolated from the lung and hilar node of a pilot whale. Serological, molecular, and biological analyses indicate that the whale isolates are closely related to the H13 influenza viruses from gulls.

Activation and expansion of drug reactive T cells are key features in drug hypersensitivity reactions. Drugs may interact directly with immune receptors such as the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) or the T-cell receptors (TCR) itself, the pharmacological interaction [p-i] concept. To analyze whether the drug sulfamethoxazole (SMX) interacts directly with the TCR and thereby contributing to signa...