Atmospheric dust loadings have a significant influence on global climate by affecting air temperatures through the absorption and scattering of solar radiation. Many dryland basins are significant sources of aeolian dust, but our knowledge of how dust emissions from these systems are affected by ephemeral wetting events is either limited or poor. This research uses synergistic data sets (Total ...

The time-latitude cross section of climatological daily variations of Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer–Aerosol Index (TOMS-AI) (upper panel) and the GEWEX Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) 5-day mean rainfall (lower panel) over the Indian subcontinent show that the high aerosol region in Northern India during June–July overlaps with the rain area, indicating that aerosols may inte...

[1] Volcanic SO2 can affect the Earth’s environment. Where no direct measurements of SO2 in the atmosphere are available, a petrologic method of assessing sulfur release from the magma must be used. However, in studies of arcderived eruptions, satellite-based measurements of SO2 emissions using Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) data are orders of magnitude greater than those calculated pe...

A community physician questions the tendency in British medical ethics to concentrate on confidentiality to the exclusion of privacy, an essential element in the physician patient relationship. He draws upon views from various disciplines to develop the concept of privacy and deplores the lack of redress against breaches of privacy and confidentiality in English law. A BBC-TV documentary seri...

[1] Observations from both ground-based and satellite instruments show record low column ozone abundance between 20 S and 40 S during 1997. The 1997 monthly averaged column ozone from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) is up to 25 Dobson units (DU) lower than the TOMS climatological mean (1979–1996) and up to 20 DU below the previous record low values. Observations from the Halogen Occ...

[1] The processes that determine which areas are strong sources of mineral aerosols are not well known. In this study we consider the role of ephemeral lakes in modulating emissions of atmospheric mineral aerosols. We focus on two ephemeral lake regions that have been identified as source regions: the zone of Chotts in Tunisia and Algeria, and Etosha Pan in Namibia. Comparisons of satellite ret...