a two-week tunnel study was conducted in monterrey, mexico during june 2009 to characterizevolatile organic compound (voc) emissions from the local vehicle fleet and estimate the correspondingemission factors (efs). the loma larga tunnel (llt), a 532 meter-long structure that is mainly used by lightduty gasoline-powered vehicles was used as the experimental set-up. ambient air samples (2-hour a...

Indoor air pollution due to the indoor burning of polluting fuels has been associated with Acute Lower Respiratory Infections (ALRI) amongst children less than five years old. This paper reviews evidence of the association between household energy, indoor air pollution and child ALRI in South Africa. Studies show evidence consistent with the international literature with the likelihood of ALRI ...

Exposure to air pollution in city centers is of major concern because of its health-risks to urban dwellers, trafficcorridor users and even to in-transit commuters. The steady growth in traffic is the major source of toxic air pollutants in urban centers these days. Therefore, studying exposure to air pollutants in urban centers is of special interests to environmental health scientists. This s...

Searching, PubMed (accessed Nov. 10, 2015) for “Air pollution” and “Health” resulted in 26,156 citations. Since the 1930 Meuse Valley episode in Belgium, Donora 1948 and the London fog of December 1952, the number of studies showing adverse health effects of short and long term exposure to outdoor air pollution has grown. This review looks at historical air pollution studies to get a general ov...

air pollution is one of the major threats to environment in the present time. increase in degree of urbanization is a major cause of this air pollution. due to urbanization, vehicular activities are continuously increasing at a tremendous rate. mobile or vehicular pollution is predominantly degrading the air quality worldwide. thus, air quality management is necessary for dealing with this seve...

the air quality in shiraz was assessed based on a one-week passive sampling campaign.during the first week of the summer 2003, about 400 passive samplers were used in groups of two andthree, so that 187 sampling stations covered all of shiraz. pollutant gases including so2, no2 and btx(benzene, toluene and xylene) were sampled by diffusive sampling tubes. collected samples wereanalyzed and poll...

a two-week tunnel study was conducted in monterrey, mexico during june 2009 to characterizevolatile organic compound (voc) emissions from the local vehicle fleet and estimate the correspondingemission factors (efs). the loma larga tunnel (llt), a 532 meter-long structure that is mainly used by lightduty gasoline-powered vehicles was used as the experimental set-up. ambient air samples (2-hour a...

این مقاله حاصل پژوهشی درباره قیمت‌گذاری و تبلیغ پویا است با استفاده از یک مدل کنترل بهینه، روشی برای تعیین تعداد بلیت فروش رویداد ورزشی یا تفریحی به­دست می­‌دهد تا سود برگزارکننده بیشینه شود؛ همچنین سعی شده حد ممکن هزینه پشتیبانی در این­گونه رخدادها نظیر غذا، نوشیدنی، کالاها، بیمه، امکان واگذاری رایگان سایر خدمات به خریداران نظر گرفته شود. روش، علاوه بر بلیت‌­ها (برنامه‌­ریزی ظرفیت)، قیمت پویای...

هدف انتخاب تأمین‌کنندگان و تخصیص سفارش بر اساس ابعاد پایداری ریسک پایداری، در شرایط عدم‌­قطعیت برخی پارامترها است؛ همچنین با محدودیت استراتژی کاهش برای مدیریت همراه است. معیارهای ریسک، امتیاز توسط روش‌های تاپسیس فازی تجزیه‌وتحلیل آثار شکست محاسبه شده است سپس برنامه تصادفی چندمرحله‌ای ایجاد معیار ارزش معرض شرطی، پیرامون تأمین منابع یک فضای چند­دوره‌ای برنامه‌‎ریزی دستیابی به برنامه‌ریزی انعطاف‌پ...