The aerosol distribution in Europe was simulated with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model system for the years 2000 and 2001. The results were compared with daily averages of PM10 measurements taken in the framework of EMEP and with aerosol optical depth (AOD) values measured within Aeronet. The modelled total 5 aerosol mass is typically about 30–60% lower than the corresponding m...

در این پژوهش سعی می‌­شود مدلی برای شبیه‌­سازی چرخه عمر صنعت برق با استفاده از شبیه‌سازی عامل­بنیان ارائه شود، مدل، 5 عامل استخراج شد و شبیه­‌سازی به کمک نرم‌افزار Anylogic صورت پذیرفت. بهینه‌­سازی مدل چهار سناریو نظر خبرگان شد. سناریوی نخست، جذابیت نیروگاه گازی سیکل ترکیبی کاهش یافت بر دو دیگر افزوده نتیجه افزایش تولید آبی است که توجه کمبود منابع کشور به‌صرفه نیست. دوم ورود یک فناوری جدید میزان...

This study evaluates the ability of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate the spatial variability of summertime ozone (O3) at the surface and in the free troposphere over the continental United States. Simulated surface O3 concentrations are compared with 987 Air Quality System (AQS) sites and 123 Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) sites. CMAQ’s ability to rep...

We investigate the representation of emissions from the largest (Class 3) commercial marine vessels (c3 Marine) within the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. In present emissions inventories developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), c3 Marine emissions are divided into off-shore and nearshore files. Off-shore c3 Marine emissions are vertically distributed...

برای دستیابی به مزیت رقابتی در شرایط عدم‌­اطمینان که آن تغییر ضروری است، یکی از چالش‌های بزرگ سازمان‌ها کاهش ریسک طریق ایجاد زنجیره‌های تأمین تاب‌آور است. تاب‌آوری زنجیره ‌تأمین توانایی مقابله با اختلال اشاره دارد یک رویداد غیرقابل‌پیش‌بینی بوده و دارای منابع داخلی خارجی مختلفی ازجمله بلایای طبیعی ریسک‌های عملیاتی پژوهش حاضر شبیه‌سازی توسط نرم‌افزار ارنا زنجیره‌ سنگ ساختمانی «کارخانه سنگبری آسم...

The urban landscape is inherently complex and this complexity is not adequately captured in air quality models, such as the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model that is used to assess whether urban areas are in attainment of EPA air quality standards, primarily for ground level ozone. This inadequacy of the CMAQ model, exacerbated by coarse low resolution land cover data inputs, inhibi...

Recently, downscaling global atmospheric model outputs (GCTM) for the USEPA Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Initial (IC) and Boundary Conditions (BC) have become practical because of the rapid growth of computational technologies that allow global simulations to be completed within a reasonable time. The traditional method of generating IC/BC by profile data has lost its advocates due t...

This study has conducted a comprehensive model evaluation to help identify major uncertainties of regional air quality model in predicting long-range transport and deposition of acidifying substances in East Asia. Annual predictions of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model are carried out at two horizontal scales: an 81 km domain over East Asia and a 27 km domain over Northeast Asia...

Air pollution in urban areas has important implications for health and environmental management. Consequently, various methodologies have been developed for its assessment. Traditionally, simple approaches such as the box model or the Gaussian plume have been used to assess urban air quality. The use of Eulerian grid models, which provide a more realistic and comprehensive description of the ur...

implemented to study the sensitivity of future air quality trends from the impacts of changing biogenic emissions. A comparison of GEOS-Chem and CMAQ was performed to investigate the effect of downscaling on the prediction of future air quality trends. For ozone, the impacts of global climate change are relatively smaller when compared to the impacts of anticipated future emissions reduction, e...