Transgenic Medicago truncatula plants were produced harboring chimeric gene constructs of the glutamine synthetase (GS) cDNA clones (MtGS1a or MtGS1b) fused in sense or antisense orientation to the nodule-specific leghemoglobin promoter Mtlb1. A series of transgenic plants were obtained showing a 2- to 4-fold alteration in nodule GS activity when compared with control plants. Western and northe...

Glutamine synthetase (GS) catalyzes the recycling of NH4 (+) with glutamate to form glutamine. GS is highly expressed in the renal proximal tubule (PT), suggesting ammonia recycling via GS could decrease net ammoniagenesis and thereby limit ammonia available for net acid excretion. The purpose of the present study was to determine the role of PT GS in ammonia metabolism under basal conditions a...

OBJECTIVE An adverse intrauterine environment indicated by both low birth weight and monozygosity is associated with an age- or time-dependent reduction in glucose disposal and nonoxidative glucose metabolism in twins, suggesting impaired regulation of muscle glycogen synthesis. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We measured the activities of glycogen synthase (GS), GS kinase (GSK)3 alpha, GS phosph...

We studied small bowel biopsy specimens with architecturally normal villi from 78 adult patients with potential gluten sensitivity (GS) and correlated them with outcome to characterize morphologic features that would allow a pathologist to suggest GS. No patient had a previous GS diagnosis. Twelve study patients had GS. The mean number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) per 20 enterocytes fr...

Purpose: To investigate whether tumor volume derived from apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)maps (VolumeADC) and tumormeanADCvalue (ADCmean) are independent predictors of prostate tumorGleason score (GS). Experimental Design: Tumor volume andGSwere recorded fromwhole-mount histopathology for 131 men (median age, 60 years) who underwent endorectal diffusion-weightedMRI for local staging of pro...

High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) composition was analyzed by sodium-dodecyl-sulfatpolyacrilamid-gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), while the quantitative determination of total HMW-GS was obtained by reversed phasehigh performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Considering HMW-GS composition, the most frequent subunits at Glu-A1 locus were N, at Glu-B1 locus 7+9 and at Glu-D1 loc...

OBJECTIVES Surgery residency serves 2 purposes-prepare graduates for general surgery (GS) practice or postresidency surgical fellowship, leading to specialty surgical practice (SS). This study was undertaken to elucidate factors influencing career choice for these 2 groups. METHODS All US allopathic surgery residency graduates from 2009 to 2013 (n = 5512) were surveyed by the American Board o...

PURPOSE We evaluated oncologic outcomes following radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with a Gleason score (GS) of 7 with tertiary Gleason pattern 5 (TGP5). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 310 patients who underwent RP from 2005 to 2010. Twenty-four patients who received neoadjuvant or adjuvant antiandrogen deprivation or radiation therapy were excl...

Glutamine synthetase (GS) is the key enzyme in ammonia assimilation and catalyzes the ATP-dependent condensation of NH3 with glutamate to produce glutamine. GS in plants is an octameric enzyme. Recent work from our laboratory suggests that GS activity in plants may be regulated at the level of protein turnover (S.J. Temple, T.J. Knight, P.J. Unkefer, C. Sengupta-Gopalan [1993] Mol Gen Genet 236...

Tonya ha s a b i g ma th t e s t t omor r ow and sh e n e ed s t o s t udy t on i gh t . W hi l e a t t h e g r o c e r y s t o r e s h e s e e s a Ginkgo B i l oba ad v e r t i s emen t t ha t c l a ims i t w i l l imp r o v e h e r memo r y. B e c au s e s h e wan t s t o d o w e l l o n h e r t e s t , s h e buy s t h e Ginkgo B i l oba , g o e s h ome , and r e v i ew s t h e s ame ma th sh...