This paper presents a framework for analyzing distribution of sequentially equivalent nodes in a hierarchical design. This information can be used for selectively collapsing hierarchical modules into 'super-modules' resulting in improved optimization and better placement decisions. Our framework is capable of comparing any two modules in the design hierarchy in terms of logic sharing. Our curre...

The X Window System has become widely accepted by many manufac turers X provides network transparent access to display servers allowing local and remote client programs to access a user s display X is used on high performance workstation displays as well as terminals and client programs run on everything from micro to super computers This paper describes the tradeo s and basic design decisions ...

The development of super-resolved fluorescence microscopy, for which the Nobel Prize was awarded in 2014, has been a topic of interest to physicists and biologists alike. It is inevitable that numerous questions in biomedical research cannot be answered by means other than direct observation. In this review, advances to fluorescence microscopy are covered in a widely accessible fashion to facil...

In the paper, authors present a greedy algorithm for construction of exact and partial tests (super-reducts) for decision tables with many-valued decisions. Exact tests can be over-fitted, so instead of them it is often more appropriate to work with partial tests with smaller number of attributes. Based on results for set cover problem authors study bounds on accuracy of greedy algorithm for ex...

In International Criminal Court (ICC), the prosecutorial discretion in nature is a hybrid of the common-law adversarial model and the inquisitorial approach of civil-law systems. This paper studies the ICC prosecutorial discretion from the perspectives of common law and civil law and draws the conclusion that the ICC needs some more time to carefully design the prosecutorial discretion to reach...

Women's health specialists were rightfully alarmed by the April 2007 Supreme Court decision in Gonzales v. Carhart. In criminalizing the “intact dilation and extraction” abortion procedure and banning its use even to protect a woman's health, the U.S. Supreme Court has—with shocking ease— rejected science, overthrown legal precedent safeguarding women's health and seized authority over medical ...

After the watershed 2003 U.S. Supreme Court decision Lawrence v.Texas, courts are faced with the daunting task of navigating the bounds of sexual privacy in light of Lawrence's sweeping language and unconventional structure. This Note focuses on the specific issue of state governments regulating sexual device distribution. Evaluating the substantive due process rights of sexual device retailers...

Recently, a series of lawsuits were filed in Korea claiming tort liability against tobacco companies. The Supreme Court has already issued decisions in some cases, while others are still pending. The primary issue in these cases is whether the epidemiological evidence submitted by the plaintiffs clearly proves the causal relationship between smoking and disease as required by civil law. Proving...

In 1837, Dirichlet proved that there are infinitely many primes in any arithmetic progression in which the terms do not all share a common factor. Presentations of Dirichlet’s proof over the next century show a very gradual transition to a modern perspective, whereby certain functions that appear in the proof assume the status of ordinary mathematical objects. In prior work [3, 4] we studied th...

In this project, we are experimentally testing the importance of burdens of proof in determining the validity of a patent in litigation. The genesis of these experiments is the Supreme Court decision in Microsoft Corp. v. i4i Limited P'ship, 131 S. Ct. 2238 (2011). In i4i, the Court rejected Microsoft's claim that a jury need only be persuaded by a preponderance of the evidence to find a patent...