Superinfection exclusion (SIE) is an antagonistic interaction between identical or closely related viruses in host cells. Previous studies by us and others led to the hypothesis that SIE was elicited one more proteins encoded genomes of primary viruses. Here, we tested this using Turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), a member genus Potyvirus family Potyviridae, with significant economic consequences. To ...

ABSTRACT Mislocalization of the TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43; encoded by TARDBP) from nucleus to cytoplasm is a common feature neurodegenerative conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). The downstream in vivo cellular effects this mislocalization are not well understood. To investigate impact mislocalized TDP-43 on neuronal cell ...

CRISPR/Cas9 system is a powerful gene editing tool in vivo and in vitro. Currently, CRISPR/Cas9 delivery cells or tissue with different vehicles are available, and Adeno- associated virus (AAV) in one of them. Due to AAV packaging size limitation, AAV base vectors that carry CRISPR/Cas9 system do not have florescent tag like GFP for simple detection and navigation of cells, containing AAV. The ...

Transient expression of proteins in plants has become a choice to facilitate recombinant protein production with its fast and easy application. On the other hand, host defensive mechanisms have been reported to reduce the efficiency of transient expression in plants. Hence, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of cap analog and Potato virus A helper component proteinase (PVA HC-Pro) o...

background: single domain antibodies from camel heavy chain antibodies (vhh or nanobody), are advantages due to higher solubility, stability, high homology with human antibody, lower immunogenicity and low molecular weight. these criteria make them candidates for production of engineered antibody fragments particularly in transgenic animals. objective: to study the development of transgenic chi...