extensive small molecule libraries has led to the demand for an increase in both the sensitivity and speed of assays. Increasingly, fluorescence-based assays are becoming the method of choice for high-throughput screening. Here, we describe the properties of a number of reagents developed by Amersham Biosciences for use in timeresolved fluorescence assays based on fluorescence resonance energy ...

The precise excision of introns from precursor mRNAs (pre-mRNAs) in eukaryotes is accomplished by the spliceosome, a complex assembly containing five small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particles. Human p14, a component of the spliceosomal U2 and U11/U12 snRNPs, has been shown to associate directly with the pre-mRNA branch adenosine early in spliceosome assembly and within the fully assembl...

There are only a few reported nuclear localization signals (NLS) in trypanosomes despite intensive research on nuclear metabolic processes such as mRNA processing and transcription during the recent past. Moreover, there are only two reports for a monopartite (La protein) and bipartite (H2B histone, ESAG8) NLS in Trypanosoma brucei. We decided to investigate a NLS in Trypanosoma cruzi by select...

BACKGROUND To study the methylation status of genes that play a role in the p53-Bax mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and its clinical significance in cholangiocarcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS Out of 36 cases cholangiocarcinoma patients from April 2000 to May 2005 were collected.Promoter hypermethylation of DAPK, p14(ARF), and ASC were detected by methylation-specific PCR on cholangiocarcinoma a...

Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is associated primarily with mammary carcinomas and lymphomas. The signal peptide of the MMTV envelope precursor is uniquely targeted to nucleoli of cells that harbor the virus, where it can function as a nuclear export factor for intron-containing transcripts. Antibodies to this signal peptide, which we refer to as p14, were previously shown to label nucleoli i...

The reovirus fusion-associated small transmembrane (FAST) proteins are the smallest known viral fusogens (∼100-150 amino acids) and efficiently induce cell-cell fusion and syncytium formation in multiple cell types. Syncytium formation enhances cell-cell virus transmission and may also induce immunogenic cell death, a form of apoptosis that stimulates immune recognition of tumor cells. These pr...

BACKGROUND Abnormalities in tumor suppressors p14, p16 and p53 are reported in several human cancers. In ovarian epithelial carcinogenesis, p16 and p53 show higher immunohistochemical staining frequencies in malignant tumors and are associated with poor prognoses. p14 was only analyzed in carcinomas, with conflicting results. There are no reports on its expression in benign and borderline tumor...

PURPOSE The chromosome 9p21 region harbors three tumor suppressor genes, p14(ARF), p15(INK4b), and p16(INK4a), all of which can be targets for hypermethylation-associated inactivation in low-grade gliomas. p16(INK4a) and p15(INK4b) are critically involved in the RB1 pathway, whereas p14(ARF) acts as an upstream regulator of the TP53 pathway. The role of each tumor suppressor pathway in low-grad...

Biallelic mutations in the untranslated regions (UTRs) of mRNAs are rare causes for monogenetic diseases whose mechanisms remain poorly understood. We investigated a 3'UTR mutation resulting in a complex immunodeficiency syndrome caused by decreased mRNA levels of p14/robld3 by a previously unknown mechanism. Here, we show that the mutation creates a functional 5' splice site (SS) and that its ...

The outcome of an infection depends on the balance between host resistance and bacterial virulence. Here, we show that the late endosomal adaptor p14 (also known as LAMTOR2) is one of the components for cellular host defense against the intracellular pathogen Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. During Salmonella infection, the complex of p14 and MP1 is required for the accurately timed tra...