Background For industrial pharmaceutical protein production fast growing, high producing and robust cell lines are required. To select more pH shift permissive and fast growing sub-populations, the CHO DP-12 (ATCC clone #1934) cell line, an anti-IL8 antibody producing CHO K1 (DHFR) clone, was continuously subcultured at high viability (>90 %) for more than four hundred days in shaking flasks us...

Large scale microalgae cultivation actually represents a potential new source of renewable energy in the form of biofuel. Microalgae are individual plant cells which have the ability to photosynthesize and therefore utilize CO2, micronutrients and solar light to multiply and produce carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Microalgae cultivation has several advantages over land grown crops. The majo...

In northern Japan, declines in soil nitrogen fertility have occurred in paddy–upland rotation systems with soybean cultivation. A six-year lysimeter experiment was conducted to evaluate the nitrogen budget in paddy–upland rotation (three-year for upland soybean, then three-year for flooded paddy rice) and to clarify the effect of preceding compost application (immature or mature compost over fo...

Large scale microalgae cultivation actually represents a potential new source of renewable energy in the form of biofuel. Microalgae are individual plant cells which have the ability to photosynthesize and therefore utilize CO2, micronutrients and solar light to multiply and produce carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Microalgae cultivation has several advantages over land grown crops. The majo...

Volunteer potatoes are difficult to control in onions and can greatly reduce onion growth and yield. Herbicides and cultivation were evaluated for control of simulated volunteer potatoes in onions in 1996 and 2000. Three interrow cultivations did not control potatoes in the onion row and the remaining plants reduced onion yield 50 and 73% compared with the hand-weeded checks. Three applications...

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) in enhancing soil‐P availability in areas fertilized with soluble or reactive rock phosphates. The area had been cropped for five years under no‐till, in a system involving soybean, triticale/black‐oat, and pearl millet. Previously to the five‐year cultivation period, corrective phosphorus fertiliza...

Conversions of Mollisols from prairie to cropland and subsequent changes in crop production practices in the Midwestern USA have resulted in changes in soil organic matter. Few studies have used archived samples, long-term resampling of soils to a depth of 1 m, and space for time studies to document these changes. We resampled soils by depth (0-100 cm) in fields at 19 locations in central Illin...