A fabrication technique involving electroand electroless copper deposition was used to produce all-copper chip-to-substrate interconnects. This process electrolessly joins copper pillars, followed by annealing at 180°C. The process is tolerant to in-plane and through-plane misalignment and height variations. The mechanical compliance and electrical performance of copper-pillar chip-to-substrate...

In this study we investigated histopathological changes of mice ovarian tissues following long-term administration of copper sulfate and induction of chronic copper poisoning. The study comprised of three different groups of twenty one mice as follows: The first group (Group 100) which treated by gavage with copper sulfate at a dose of 100 mg kg-1 for 5 weeks. The second group (Group 200), whic...

AIMS To investigate the effect of lactic acid (LA), copper (II), and monolaurin as natural antimicrobials against Cronobacter in infant formula. METHODS AND RESULTS The effect of LA (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% v/v), copper (II) (10, 50 and 100 microg ml(-1)) and monolaurin (1000, 2000, and 3000 microg ml(-1)) suspended into tween-80 or dissolved in ethanol against Cronobacter in infant formula was inv...

The paper focuses on corrosion phenomena involving copper, corrosive sulphur and solid insulation of oil-immersed transformers. A study of the available mitigation technique such as passivation to reduce the effects of corrosion phenomena is carried out with the commercially available passivator, Irgamet 39 (Toluiltriazole dialkylamine) (ciba), with concentration of 100 ppm. The paper insulated...

The failure of the nanoscale metallic interface has raised concerns owing to the effect interfacial amalgamation has on its application in nanoelectronic devices. Single crystal copper [110] and [100], which are set as two components of [110]‖[100] nanocrystalline copper, are used to simulate the interfacial properties using molecular dynamics simulations. Repeated tension and compression cycle...

A nested, matched case-control study was conducted to assess the relationship between serum levels of copper and the subsequent risk of cancer. One hundred thirty-three cases of cancer were identified during 1974-1984 among 5000 members of a northwest Washington State employee cohort from whom serum specimens had been previously obtained and stored. Two hundred forty-one controls were selected ...

Walker-Smith, J. A., and Blomfield, J. (1973). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 48, 476. Wilson's disease or chronic copper poisoning? The case history is given of a child who presented at 14 months with ascites and was found to have severe micronodular cirrhosis with biochemical evidence of Wilson's disease, but in view of the severity of the pathology and early age of presentation, the possi...

Mining activities can increase the bioavailability of metals in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Following over 100 years of copper mining in portions of Michigan's Upper Peninsula (UP) terrestrial ecosystems retain vast quantities of waste rock with traces of cadmium and large concentrations of copper. We compared liver cadmium and copper concentrations in ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus), a...