We report that planar chiral structures affect the polarization state of light in a manner similar to three-dimensional chiral (optical active) media. In experiments with artificial metal-on-silicon chiral planar gratings of 442 wallpaper group symmetry, containing millions of chiral elements per square centimeter, we observed rotation of the polarization azimuth in excess of 30 degrees of ligh...

To assess the association between polymorphisms of the IL-6 -174 G/C and Behçet's disease (BD) in Tunisian patients. DNA was extracted from blood samples taken from 43 Tunisian patients and 43 healthy controls. The polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR with the PCR-RFLP. No significant association was found between patients and controls concerning polymorphism of IL6 -174 G/C between the (allelic ...

Bacteriophage 46X174 temperature-sensitive and nonsense mutations in eight cistrons were mapped by using two-, three-, and four-factor genetic crosses. The genetic map is circular with a total length of 24 X 104 wt recombinants per progeny phage. The cistron order is D-E-F-G-H-A-B-C. High negative interference is seen, consistent with a small closed circular deoxyribonucleic acid molecule as a ...

For every permutation where 4 is before 5, there is a matching permutation where 5 is before 4, obtained by swapping 4 and 5. That’s a 1-1 correspondence between the two sets of permutations, so they must have the same size, and partition the set of all permutations into two halves. Since all permutations are equally likely, the total probability for the event (4 is before 5) equals the probabi...

But we already saw that some random variables (e.g. the number of balls in a bin) fall off exponentially with distance from the mean. So Markov and Chebyshev are very poor bounds for those kinds of random variables. The Chernoff bound applies to a class of random variables and does give exponential fall-off of probability with distance from the mean. The critical condition that’s needed for a C...

to assess the association between polymorphisms of the il-6 -174 g/c and behçet's disease (bd) in tunisian patients. dna was extracted from blood samples taken from 43 tunisian patients and 43 healthy controls. the polymorphisms were analyzed by pcr with the pcr-rflp. no significant association was found between patients and controls concerning polymorphism of il6 -174 g/c between the (allelic ...

Chalcones (1,3-diaryl-2-propen-1-ones), a flavonoid subfamily, are widely known for their anti-inflammatory properties. Propenone moiety in chalcones is known to play an important role in generating biological responses by chalcones. In the present study, we synthesized chalcone derivatives structurally modified in propenone moiety and examined inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production ...

BACKGROUND The toxicity of doxorubicin, leading to an irreversible heart failure, limits its use as chemotherapeutic agent. The beneficial effects of early administration of β-blocker were reported in patients with heart failure due to doxorubicin, suggesting an important role of β-adrenoceptors (β-ARs). This study aimed to identify a putative target (β-AR and/or its effectors) at the early pha...

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze the correlation between CT size and gross pathologic size for subjects with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This analysis included 174 patients with HCC who underwent surgery. Enhanced computed tomography (CT) was performed up to 30 days before surgery. After resection, the size of the tumor on gross pathologic examination was recorded. T...