The type status is described for 65 taxa of the Orthalicoidea, classified within the families Megaspiridae (14), Orthalicidae (30), and Simpulopsidae (20); one taxon is considered a nomen inquirendum. Lectotypes are designated for the following taxa: Helixbrephoides d'Orbigny, 1835; Simpulopsiscumingi Pfeiffer, 1861; Bulimulus (Protoglyptus) dejectus Fulton, 1907; Bulimusiris Pfeiffer, 1853. Th...

Abstract While the practical results of revolutions that engulfed Europe in 1848–1849 were largely ephemeral, they elicited great excitement and anticipation. In particular, some enlightened Jews saw ensuing political developments as a opportunity, hoping would lead to emancipation, equality, brotherhood with their non-Jewish neighbors. Spurred on by events, Abraham Mendel Mohr, Galician maskil...

Coleophora gecidiella Baldizzone, sp. n., new species from Turkey belonging to the group of C. onobrychiella Zeller, 1849 is described based on specimens collected by Günther Baisch. The female turca 1994, a which only male known, for first time.

José María Barceló de Villagrán (1819-1872) was the first Professor of Topographic Anatomy in Mexico. The Mexican poet Manuel Acuña (1849-1873) was among his students. After the death of his mentor, Acuña wrote a monograph entitled“Topographic Anatomy. The Cephalo-Rachidian Cavity” (1893). For the first time we discuss the content and significance of this monograph.

York: Conner & Cooke, 1833. 50 Shapter T. The History of the Cholera in Exeter in 1832. London: John Churchill, 1849. 51 Leigh J, Gardiner N. History of the Cholera in Manchester, in 1849; As Reported to the Registrar General of Births, Deaths, &c. London: Simpkin, marshall, and Co., 1850. 52 Panum P. Om cholera-epidemien i Bandholm 1850. Hospitaals-Meddelser 1850;3:548–630. 53 Cooper H. On the...

During California’s Gold Rush of 1849–1855, thousands miners rushed to San Francisco, Sacramento, and elsewhere throughout northern California, creating a significant demand for food. Here we in...