The purpose of this research was to identify reliable tomographic measurements that can detect patellofemoral abnormality and allow quantification of the risk of patellar dislocation in patients with potential patellar instability. A cross-sectional study in 921 patients with anterior pain or knee instability of at least 6 months' duration was conducted from July 2001 to December 2009. All subj...

AIMS This study examined the occurrence, magnitude, and the consequences of a possible tilt between the corneal surface and optical axis of the EyeSys videokeratoscope. METHODS Initially, a theoretical model was developed to calculate the angle of tilt. The predictions of the model were verified empirically using a convex conicoid surface and were found to predict the tilt to within 0.5 degre...

Liquid crystal (LC) materials possessing the chiral smectic A (Sm A) phase have been designed to yield high induced tilt angles and low response times. The primary objective of our work is to design materials that can provide the optimum tilt angle of 22.5° for applied voltages less than 5V/um, making them CMOS compatible. Optical response measurements to illustrate the feasibility of obtaining...

The molecular orientation in amphiphilic hemicyanine Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films has been studied quantitatively by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and second harmonic generation (SHG). From the analysis of transmission and reflection absorption (RA) spectra of FTIR, the tilt angles to the surface normal of the hydrocarbon chain axis and the chromophore of amphiphilic hemicyanin...

We describe the radiographic measurement of the angle of tilt of the patella and relate it to malalignment of the extensor mechanism. The tilt angle is defined as the angle subtended by a line joining the medial and lateral edges of the patella and the horizontal. The radiograph (Merchant type) is taken with the foot pointing up, the lower edge of the film parallel to the ground, and the knee a...

This thesis includes the results of a PhD study about methods to compare Sonic Detection And Ranging (SODAR) measurements to measurements from other instruments. The study focuses on theoretical analysis, the design of a transponder system for simulating winds and the measurement of the acoustic radiation patterns of SODARs. These methods are integrated to reduce uncertainty in SODAR measuremen...

In this work we investigate the interplay between flow and boundary condition effects on the orientation field of a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal under flow and confinement in a microfluidic device. Two types of experiments were performed using synchrotron small-angle X-ray-scattering (SAXS). In the first, a nematic liquid crystal flows through a square-channel cross section at varying fl...