The concept of country branding – and its core guiding principle of positioning – triggers interest among politicians, policy-makers, businesses, and consumers. Increasing understanding of the most effective country positioning (or repositioning) practices can be especially valuable for countries with long-lasting suboptimal images. This article contributes to the country branding literature in...

Crisis incidents occur in both business and public domains. This article focuses on non-routine incidents and explores uses of technologies for supporting crisis management tasks. A Crisis Incident Spiral of Decision Support helps identify useful decision support and information technologies. Additionally, a Crisis Incident Process/Decision Support Matrix categorizes processes of crisis plannin...

an the managers have experienced one kind of crisis or another in their organizations, and hence are willing to group and empower themselves in challenging them. this article while classifying the organizations in two categories as crisis accepting and crisis challenging, suggestion for making the organization as crisis challenging have been given. the process of crisis creation, three perspect...

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, government officials seek ways to monitor, control, and manage events and crises due to the concerns of the general public and social media as informative tools. Regarding this, the present study aims to identify and analyze the factors affecting the crisis incidence in Iranian stadiums. METHODS: The present interpretive qualitative research was performed based on a gro...

In this paper, we propose the possibility that the mortgage boom and bust crisis of 2007–2009 might have been caused by financial innovation. We suggest that the astounding rise in subprime and Alt A leverage from 2000 to 2006, together with the remarkable growth in securitization and tranching throughout the 1990s and early 2000s, raised the prices of the underlying assets such as houses and m...

in a crisis, daily life of people is threatened by disaster. the management of the crisis is both a science and an art in which attempts are made to restore the critical situation to a normal one, not necessarily to the same conditions which existed before the crisis took place. the ability of a manager to overcome the crisis depends on his readiness before it occurs. in this review article, th...

abstract circassians are one of the ethnic groups in the south-west of the caucasus who speak circassian language which is one of the branches of the north-east caucasus languages (ebrian-caucasian). this ethnic branch includes the caucasian ethnic abkhaz-adygian group, which are nowadays divided in three republics in the north caucasus kabardino-balkaria, karachay-cherkessia and adygeya. by us...