Lifestyle diseases constitute an increasing proportion of health problems and this trend is likely to continue. A better understanding of the responsibility argument is important for the assessment of policies aimed at meeting this challenge. Holding individuals accountable for their choices in the context of health care is, however, controversial. There are powerful arguments both for and agai...

An initial step in this regard can be integrating preventive oral health care with the immunization visits of the child. During these visits, pediatricians can provide counseling on caries prevention and encourage parents to make well-child visit to a dentist. The inclusion of oral health status of the child in the immunization-card can serve as record of the preventive oral health services pro...

Lifestyle diseases constitute an increasing proportion of health problems and this trend is likely to continue. A better understanding of the responsibility argument is important for the assessment of policies aimed at meeting this challenge. Holding individuals accountable for their choices in the context of health care is, however, controversial. There are powerful arguments both for and agai...

Introduction: New Combat Technologies (NCTs) create unprecedented capabilities to control the delivery of military force. But dependence on them generates difficult moral challenges impacting the decision-making process, which are only beginning to be addressed. Method: Some welcome NCTs explicitly whereas others plea to abandon such technologies. In order to arrive at an informed opinion about...

Assigning responsibilities to classes is among first and arguably most important steps when creating objectoriented software design. This step depends greatly on human judgment and experience. In this paper our objective is to automatize assigning responsibilities to classes using metaheuristic optimization algorithms. Four different algorithms (simple genetic algorithm, hill climbing, simulate...

A definition of causality introduced by Halpern and Pearl [2005a], which uses structural equations, is reviewed. A more refined definition is then considered, which takes into account issues of normality and typicality, which are well known to affect causal ascriptions. Causality is typically an all-or-nothing notion: either A is a cause of B or it is not. An extension of the definition of caus...

Today’s robots are used mainly as advanced tools and do not have any capability of taking moral responsibility. However, autonomous, learning intelligent systems are developing rapidly, resulting in a new division of tasks between humans and robots. The biggest worry about autonomous intelligent systems seems to be the fear of human loss of control and robots running amok. We argue that for all...

ing the reasoning offender in this way, Norrie argues, makes it possible to treat the offender as an isolated, responsible agent. And because rational choice approaches may similarly appear to decontextualize criminal reasoning they give further credence to justice model approaches. More importantly, by neglecting the broader social context in this way, rational choice approaches may encourage ...

Background: Care giving for an elderly parent is a universal developmental task, and in all societies is one of the women tasks; its expectations are considered norms known as filial responsibility. The aim of the study is to examine the possibility of connections between the attitudes toward filial responsibility to elderly parents and the attachment style in adulthood and age (generation) amo...

Roboethics is a recently developed field of applied ethics which deals with the ethical aspects of technologies such as robots, ambient intelligence, direct neural interfaces and invasive nano-devices and intelligent soft bots. In this article we look specifically at the issue of (moral) responsibility in artificial intelligent systems. We argue for a pragmatic approach, where responsibility is...