OBJECTIVE The most commonly used instrument for the research and treatment of excessive internet use is Young's Internet Addiction Test (IAT). While the IAT has been translated to several languages (including Persian) and has demonstrated good psychometric properties across several independent studies, there is still a room for alternative assessment instruments. This study reports a validation...

The Indo-Persian state secretary has occupied center stage in the emerging discourse on bureaucracy, administration and the political formation of the Mughal state. The status and role of the munsh? (the IndoPersian state secretary) within the Mughal bureaucratic structure in 17th and 18th century have formed the basis of recent historical analysis. Scholarship on the Indo-Persian munsh? have b...

Finding an appropriate dataset for natural language processing applications is one of the main challenges for researches of this field. This issue is more problematic in Non-Latin languages especially Persian language. Access to an appropriate dataset that can be used in development of practical programs in language processing field, helps us to validate the obtained results and provide the fea...

BACKGROUND Measuring the impacts of oral conditions on quality of life is an important part of oral health needs assessment. For this purpose a variety of oral health-related quality of life instruments have been developed. To use a scale in a new context or with a different groups of people, it is necessary to re-establish its psychometric properties. The objectives of this study are to develo...

BACKGROUND Adolescents may get involved in high-risk behaviors. Surveys are the primary, and sometimes the sole source of data collection for many high-risk health behaviours. We examined the reliability and validity of the psychometric properties of the self-administered Persian version of the 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) questionnaire. METHODS In a methodological stu...

Specimens of four species Bivalvia not previously recorded from Iraq were discovered. These are Didimacar tenebrica, Aspidopholas obtecta, Neotrapezium sublaevigatum, and Barbatia trapezina which belong to the Noetiidae, Pholadidae, Trapezidae Arcidae families, respectively. All specimens collected alive intertidal zone northwest Persian-Arabian Gulf, Iraq, in Fao region. Although these widespr...

Russian ( Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), Persian ( A. persicus) and Siberian ( A. baerii) sturgeons are closely related 'Ponto-Caspian' species. Investigation of their population structure is an important problem, the solution of which determines measures for conservation of these species. According to previous studies, 'baerii-like' mitotypes were found in the Caspian Sea among 35% of Russian stu...

This study was conducted at the Bukhara breeding centre (Ouzbekistan, Central Asia) on Persian gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa subgutturosa) and at Thumammah (Saudi Arabia) on sand gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa marica). Plasma prolactin (PRL) and progesterone were determined in groups of females. Because these females were under two different photoperiods (20 degrees N in Saudi Arabia and 40 de...

In this paper, we address the shortage of evaluation benchmarks on Persian (Farsi) language by creating and making available a new benchmark for English to Persian Cross Lingual Word Sense Disambiguation (CL-WSD). In creating the benchmark, we follow the format of the SemEval 2013 CL-WSD task, such that the introduced tools of the task can also be applied on the benchmark. In fact, the new benc...