Activation of Raf-1 by Ras requires recruitment to the membrane as well as additional phosphorylations, including phosphorylation at serine 338 (Ser-338) and tyrosine 341 (Tyr-341). In this study we show that Tyr-341 participates in the recruitment of Raf-1 to specialized membrane domains called "rafts," which are required for Raf-1 to be phosphorylated on Ser-338. Raf-1 is also thought to be r...

Almost all known conventional cytotoxic anticancer drugs are less effective in killing tumor cells grown as multicellular spheroids than in killing tumor cells grown as monolayer cell cultures. This "multicellular resistance" reflects the relative intrinsic drug-resistant phenotype of most solid tumors growing in vivo and is due to factors such as limited drug penetration or reduced fractions o...

Dept. of Pathology, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Corresponding author and reprints: Shahriar Dabiri MD FIAC, Pathology Department, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 22 Bahman Blvd., Kerman, Iran. Tel: +98-341-322-2250-60, Fax: +98-341-322-2763, E-mail: [email protected]. Received: 2015 Mar 22 Accepted: 2016 Apr 07 ...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Respiratory cycle-dependent left atrial tachycardia...

Address for correspondence: Ralf Paschke, M.D., III. Medical Department, University of Leipzig, Ph.-Rosenthal-Str. 27, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany, Phone: +49 341 9713201, Fax: +49 341 9713209, e-mail: [email protected] Received 03-04-09, Revised 05-09-09, Accepted 10-10-09

Recent studies have shown that the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), regulates critical survival pathways in a variety of different cell types, including human pancreatic cancer cells. The activation of NF-kappaB is controlled by proteasome-mediated degradation of its endogenous polypeptide inhibitor, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappaBalpha. We investigated the effects of...

* Corresponding Author: Michal Nozdrzykowski, MD Department of Cardiac Surgery Heart Center, University of Leipzig Struempellstrasse 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany Tel: +49 341 8651422; Fax: +49 341 8651452; E-Mail: [email protected] Fax +1 203 785 3552 E-Mail: [email protected] http://aorta.scienceinternational.org © 2017 AORTA Published by Science International Corp. ISSN 2325-...

PURPOSE To define the toxicities, pharmacodynamics, and clinical activity of the proteasome inhibitor, PS-341 (bortezomib), in patients with advanced malignancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-eight patients (14 male and 14 female) received PS-341 twice weekly for 4 of 6 weeks (schedule I). Because toxicity necessitated dose omissions on this schedule, 16 additional patients (12 male and 4 fem...

Adult T-cell /lymphomaleukemia (ATLL) is caused by human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Approximately 80% of ATLL patients develop humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM), a life-threatening complication leading to a poor prognosis. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) are important factors in the pathogenesis of HHM...