BACKGROUND Mortality from sepsis and septic shock remains high. Results of trials on intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) as adjunctive therapy for sepsis have been conflicting. This is an update of a Cochrane review that was originally published in 1999 and updated in 2002 and 2010. OBJECTIVES To estimate the effects of IVIG as adjunctive therapy in patients with bacterial sepsis or septic sho...

The aim of this review is to show how Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and related methods such as dynamic nuclear polarisation (DNP) can be used to detect, localize and quantify oxygen concentration in biological tissues. Several applications will be described with special emphasis on tumor oxygenation. Introduction It is well established that the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) plays im...

April 22, 2017, was the date of the 132nd annual meeting of the Association of American Physicians (AAP). April 22nd was also the date of the March for Science, which was held in 600 cities globally. AAP was a formal sponsor of the march, with 84% of its members endorsing it. Apart from the march, the trisociety AAP-ASCI and American Physician Scientists Association (APSA) meeting offered its u...

References 1. Horikawa Y, Oda N, Cox NJ, Li X, Orho-Melander M, Hara M, et al. Genetic variation in the gene encoding calpain-10 is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Nat Genet 2000;26:163–75. 2. Baier LJ, Permana PA, Yang X, Pratley RE, Hanson RL, Shen GQ, et al. A calpain-10 gene polymorphism is associated with reduced muscle mRNA levels and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 2000;106:R...

The facile installation of functionalities to aromatic compounds via chemical activation inert carbon-heteroatom bonds is a challenging task. In this issue Chem, König and co-workers disclose photocatalytic protocol for the radical borylation reductively aryl electrophiles, such as fluorides carbonates, by using simple thiolate salts catalyst. Leveraging highly reducing systems (Figure 1A) enab...

The concept of a “diabetic cardiomyopathy” has been invoked to explain the higher than expected occurrence of congestive heart failure (CHF) in subjects with diabetes (1,2). However, the evidence supporting the existence of such a condition in humans is mostly inferential. Cardiomyopathies are chronic diseases of the myocardium in which the heart is abnormally enlarged, thickened, and/or stiffe...

C–H borylation of N-heteroarenes is an efficient yet highly challenging route to borylated aromatics. In a recent issue Nature, Leonori and co-workers demonstrated novel strategy toward this end by utilizing boryl-radical-based Minisci-type reaction that shows orthogonal site selectivity transition-metal-catalyzed approaches. Direct aromatic bonds straightforward means accessing diverse arene s...

Antisera raised to a detergentand salt-resistant matrix fraction from rat liver Golgi stacks were used to screen an expression library from rat liver cDNA. A full-length clone was obtained encoding a protein of 130 kD (termed GM130), the COOH-terminal domain of which was highly homologous to a Golgi human auto-antigen, golgin-95 (Fritzler et al., 1993). Biochemical data showed that GM130 is a p...

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the Rel homology domain (RHD) of the transcription factor, nuclear factor B (NF B), on proinflammatory gene expression in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Experimental Design: We used an adenovirus vector encoding only the RHD of the NF B (p65 family member) cDNA (AdRHD) to transduce murine BMDCs ex vivo. Endpoints mea...

Skeletal metastasis in advanced prostate cancer (PCa) is a major clinical problem that substantially reduces the quality of life and survival patients.Extracellular vesicles have emerged as important messengers metastatic process PCa to bone been recognized critical mediators potential targets communication between tumor cells osteoblasts.Osteomimicry has deciphered an evasive strategy adopted ...