This paper presents a novel algorithm for path planning of mobile robots in known 3D environments using Binary Integer Programming (BIP). In this approach the problem of path planning is formulated as a BIP with variables taken from 3D Delaunay Triangulation of the Free Configuration Space and solved to obtain an optimal channel made of connected tetrahedrons. The 3D channel is then partitioned...

New developments in urban planning, especially in environmentally oriented analysis including noise, air pollution, urban climate etc., call for new demands on authorities and planners. Due to the increasing availability of informations systems and of 3D-data, planners and municipalities emphasize modeling the urban space in three dimensions. While the visualization aspect is often and detailed...

Three-dimensional (3D) treatment planning refers to the use of software and hardware tools to design and implement more accurate and conformal radiation therapy. This is a major advance in oncology that should lead to the reduction of treatment-associated morbidity and facilitate safe dose escalation for many tumor sites. This technology affords the incorporation of physiologic and anatomic inf...

A 3D floor plan is a non-overlapping arrangement of blocks within a large box. Floor planning is a central notion in chip-design, and with recent advances in 3D integrated circuits, understanding 3D floor plans has become important. In this paper, we study so called mosaic 3D floor plans where the interior blocks partition the host box under a topological equivalence. We give representations wh...

BACKGROUND The shift from conventional two-dimensional (2D) to three-dimensional (3D)-conformal target definition and dose-planning seems to have introduced volumetric as well as geometric changes. The purpose of this study was to compare coverage of computed tomography (CT)-based breast and boost planning target volumes (PTV), absolute volumes irradiated, and dose delivered to the organs at ri...

The imaging revolution with Ultrasound, Computed Tomography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging entered the world of treatment planning in external beam radiation therapy in the 80ies and 90ies, step by step (9). With the support of modern computer technology, this has led to sophisticated, widespread, 3D sectional image based treatment planning, that nowadays increasingly forms an essential integr...

As radiation treatment/surgery becomes increasingly available at various medical centers around the world, it becomes also the preferred choice for tumors treatment. Planning is a crucial part of the process because it can detect collisions between various components of the hardware delivering the radiation and the patient. Simulated planning requires a 3D model of the patient. This paper repor...

Background: The present work aims to study the out-of-field photon calculation accuracy of a commercial treatment planning system (TPS), Oncentra, for three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment techniques from Elekta Synergy medical linear accelerator. Materials and Methods: Accuracy of individual out-of-field dose components was...

BACKGROUND Dosimetric comparison of two dimensional (2D) radiography and three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) based dose distributions with high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitry radiotherapy (ICRT) for carcinoma cervix, in terms of target coverage and doses to bladder and rectum. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty four sessions of HDR ICRT were performed in 22 patients. External beam radiothera...

This study was performed to explore and compare the dosimetric variance caused by respiratory movement in the breast during forward-planned IMRT after breast-conserving surgery. A total of 17 enrolled patients underwent the 3DCT simulation scans followed by 4DCT simulation scans during free breathing. The treatment planning constructed using the 3DCT images was copied and applied to the end exp...