NASA's Mars Geodesy/Cartography Working Group (MGCWG), established in 1998 and chaired since 2000 by one of us (TCD), consists of leading researchers in planetary geodesy and cartography at such diverse institutions as JPL, NASA Ames and Goddard Centers, Purdue and Ohio State Universities, Malin Space Science Ssystems, the German Center for Aerospace Research DLR, and the US Geological Survey, ...

The space missions MESSENGER and BepiColombo require precise short-term studies of Mercury’s rotation. In this scope, we perform analytically and numerically by Hamiltonian approach a synthetic 2-dimensional representation of its rotation, using complete ephemerides of the orbital motions of the planets of the Solar System. This representation allows us to derive the librations in longitude and...

Assessment of Separation Distances to Avoid Odour Annoyance: Interaction Between Odour Impact Criteria and Peak-to-Mean Factors Günther Schauberger*, Martin Piringer WG Environmental Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, A1210 Vienna. Veterinärplatz 1, Austria Central Institute of Meteorology and Geodynamics, Vienna, A 1190 Vienna, Hohe Warte 38, Austria *gunther.schauberger@vetmedu...

The convergence of meridians toward the South Pole causes unique problems for geometrical comparison of structural geological and geophysical datasets from Antarctica. The true North reference direction ordinarily is used for measuring and reporting vector data (strike, trend) in Antarctica, as elsewhere. However, over a latitude distance of just 100 km at 85° South, the angular difference in t...

Studies of bird migration in the Beringia region of Alaska and eastern Siberia are of special interest for revealing the importance of bird migration between Eurasia and North America, for evaluating orientation principles used by the birds at polar latitudes and for understanding the evolutionary implications of intercontinental migratory connectivity among birds as well as their parasites. We...

Hole U1309A: Latitude: 30° 10.1081' N, Longitude: 42° 07.1101' W, 1643 mbsl Hole U1309B: Latitude: 30° 10.1081' N, Longitude: 42° 07.1101' W, 1643 mbsl Hole U1309C: Latitude: 30° 10.1081' N, Longitude: 42° 07.1209' W, 1638 mbsl Hole U1309D: Latitude: 30° 10.1195' N, Longitude: 42° 07.1131' W, 1645 mbsl Hole U1309E: Latitude: 30° 10.1207' N, Longitude: 42° 07.1057' W, 1644 mbsl Hole U1309F: Lati...

Introduction: A wide variety of midto highlatitude surface features on Mars has long been attributed to viscous creep and flow phenomena associated with near-surface ground ice. On the basis of Viking Orbiter images, Squyres [1] identified two classes of creep-related landforms: (1) softened terrain, which results from in situ viscous deformation and is particularly evident in impact craters wi...

The literature on vertical disparity is complicated by the fact that several different definitions of the term "vertical disparity" are in common use, often without a clear statement about which is intended or a widespread appreciation of the properties of the different definitions. Here, we examine two definitions of retinal vertical disparity: elevation-latitude and elevation-longitude dispar...

Newly hatched sea turtles exposed to artificially generated magnetic fields with parameters characteristic of two sites 3700 km apart, differing only in longitude, can distinguish the two apparent locations and orient appropriately.