background: periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of tooth-supporting tissues. environmental and genetic factors as well as the immune system participate in this process. recent studies have attempted to elucidate the role of cytokine networks involved in periodontal diseases. objective: to assess and compare the levels of il-4, il-6 and il-...

• Ontario’s health care system will saddle the province with a $1.19-trillion tax burden due to increased costs over the next 50 years, the C.D. Howe Institute reported. The think tank urged the province to control costs by switching from an agebased drug plan to an income-based one, and expanding the role of less costly health workers, such as nurses and pharmacists. • Two violent attacks on h...