The striatum is believed to be a crucial brain region associated with drug reward. Adaptive alteration of neurochemistry in this area might be one potential mechanism underlying drug dependence. It has been proposed that the dysfunction of Na+,K+-ATPase function is involved in morphine tolerance and dependence. The present study, therefore, was undertaken to study the adaptation of the striatal...

The unilateral or bilateral lesion of the Substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) by chemical neurotoxins such as 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) or 1- Methyl-4- phenyl -1,2,3,6 – tetirahydro pyridine (MPTP) are the most commonly and the main used methods for generating the animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD). But these agents are expensive, dangerous, difficult to use and inacce...

This search involved synthesis of several new N-Substituted -3-chloro-
 2-azetidinones which were known as a high medicinal effectiveness for 2,
 4-Diamino-6-hydroxy pyrimidin in two steps. The first step included
 preparation Shiff bases (1-6) by condensation 2, 4-Diamino-6-hydroxy
 with many substituted aldehydes(4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 2-
 bromobenzaldehyde, 4-dimeth...

A new Schiff base 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayer (SAM) has been fabricated on a bare gold electrode as a novel sensor for determination of dopamine. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopywas utilized to investigate the properties of the Au 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayermodified electrode (Au ATF SAM-ME) using the [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- redox couple. The electro...

Our objective was to characterize the mechanism of action of intrastriatal infusion of domoic acid on extracellular dopamine levels, using in vivo dialysis in conscious and freely moving rats. The local infusion of domoic acid (500 microM) caused an increase (567.9+/-142.5%, versus basal) in dopamine extracellular levels associated with a decrease in its metabolites: dihydroxyphenylacetate (DOP...

the unilateral or bilateral lesion of the substantia nigra pars compacta (snc) by chemical neurotoxins such as 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-ohda) or 1- methyl-4- phenyl -1,2,3,6 – tetirahydro pyridine (mptp) are the most commonly and the main used methods for generating the animal models of parkinson’s disease (pd). but these agents are expensive, dangerous, difficult to use and inaccessible convenien...

a new schiff base 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayer (sam) has been fabricated on a bare gold electrode as a novel sensor for determination of dopamine. electrochemical impedance spectroscopywas utilized to investigate the properties of the au 2-aminothiophenol furfural self assembled monolayermodified electrode (au atf sam-me) using the [fe(cn)6]3-/4- redox couple. the electro...

In rats, the pharmacological (interoceptive) effects of 0.4 mg/kg nicotine can serve as a conditional stimulus in a Pavlovian conditioning task. Nicotine administration is paired with intermittent access to a liquid sucrose unconditional stimulus; sucrose is withheld on saline sessions. An increase in sucrose receptacle entries (goal tracking) on nicotine sessions indicates conditioning. Rats w...