sets of Roman medical instruments for the range of medical and surgical operations which might have been carried out during the period of their use, and the extent of specialization by Roman practitioners. The second section, covering "women, children and sexuality", is less extensive and wide ranging. It includes papers by Danielle Gourevitch, who draws attention to the instructions provided b...

This study examines the various historical attempts to explain nisbah—the denominal adjectival appellation—al-Karājikī, of Abū al-Fatḥ Muḥammad b. ʿAlī ʿUthmān al-Karājikī, well-known Twelver Shiite theologian and jurist who studied under al-Shaykh al-Mufīd (d. 413/1022) died in 449/1057. Several biographical sources that al-Karājikī’s nisbah means “tent-maker” or “tent-seller,” evidently inter...

the ḥadīth, “backbiting is more severe than adultery” (al-ghaybatu ashaddu min al-zinā), quoted from the apostle of allah (s.a.w.), by four of his companions: abū dhar al-ghifārī, abū sa‘īd al-khudrī, jābir b. ‘abd allāh al-anṣārī, and anas b. al-mālik is reported in the shī‘ī and sunnī sources – except for the kutub al-‘arba‘a and ṣiḥāḥ al-sitta. while analyzing and explaining the text of the ...

This article discusses the thought of classical pessimist philosopher in Islamic world, it is known as Abū al-ʻAlā al-Maʻarrī (363-449 H/973-1058 AD). The main topic studied biography al-Ma'arrī and his thoughts on meaning human existence this world. To exhume data, researcher used works encyclopedia to reconstruct one monumental works, Al-Luzūmiyyāt, examine thinking. literature research uses ...

the elements of euclid, sometimes knows as the “the book of euclid”, and in the mathematical texts of the islamic period often referred to as “the book of the elements”, is one of the main sources of islamic mathematics. this paper addresses the history of the translation of this book and its recension by naṣīr al-dīn ṭūsī. then, through a comparison of the first chapter of the fourth part of q...