We present analytical approximations for calculating the scattering, absorption and escape of non-ionizing photons from a spherically symmetric two-phase clumpy medium, with either a central point source of isotropic radiation, a uniform distribution of isotropic emitters, or uniformly illuminated by external sources. The analytical approximations are based on the mega-grains model of two-phase...

The computer modelling of absorption effect of X-ray radiation in the bone tissue was analysed. An image, which is produced as a result of X-ray absorption was computed based on the absorption law. The simulation enables to define dimensions and resolution of space where the experiment will be realised. A model of a sample contains information about its geometry and distribution of density. It ...

The spatially explicit and mechanistic model TREEGRASS was used to test the effects of tree density, tree spatial distribution, and tree size distribution on radiation absorption, net primary production (NPP), and, water fluxes for a West African savanna . The model has previously been shown to adequately predict radiation absorption, production, and soil water balance in humid savannas . Using...

The stimulated radiation and absorption processes of light are thought unchanged under time reversal at present. This conclusion is based on dipole approximations without considering the retarded effect of radiation fields. It is proved that after the retarded effect of radiation field is taken into account, the time reversal symmetry of stimulated radiation and absorption processes would be vi...

Table of contents 1 . Introduction 2 . Absorption and transmission of monochromatic radiation 3 . Black Body radiation 4 . Emissivity, Kirchhoff Law and Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium. 5 . The equation for Radiative Transfer 6 . Spectral distribution of radiance leaving the atmosphere 7 . Modelling the interaction 7.1 The molecule as a rigid quantized rotator. 7.2 The molecule as a quantized...

Table of contents 1 . Introduction 2 . Absorption and transmission of monochromatic radiation 3 . Black Body radiation 4 . Emissivity, Kirchhoff Law and Local Thermodynamical Equilibrium. 5 . The equation for Radiative Transfer 6 . Spectral distribution of radiance leaving the atmosphere 7 . Modelling the interaction 7.1 The molecule as a rigid quantized rotator. 7.2 The molecule as a quantized...

Predictions for semi-inclusive deep inelastic lepton-nucleus scattering are presented. Both the effects of gluon radiation by the struck quark and the absorption of the produced hadron are considered. The gluon radiation covers a larger window in virtuality Q2 because of the increased deconfinement of quarks inside nuclei. The absorption of hadrons formed inside the nucleus is described with a ...

It is recognized now that the plane-parallel model unsatisfactorily describes the transfer of radiation through broken clouds and that, consequently, the radiation codes of general circulation models (GCMs) must be refined. However, before any refinement in a GCM code is made, it is necessary to investigate the dependence of radiative characteristics on the effects caused by the random geometry...